20 required muscle names and actions
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| orbicularis oculi | Closure of eyelids
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| orbicularis oris | Closes and protudes lips; compresses lips against teeth
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| temporalis | Elevates and retracts mandible, assists in side to side movement of mandible.
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| masseter | Elevates mandible and slightly protracts it.
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| sternocleidomastoid | Contraction of one side--bends neck laterally and rotates head to opposite side.
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| diaphragm | Flattens on contraction increasing the vertical dimensions of thorax
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| rectus abdominis | Compresses the abdominal cavity and flexes the verebral column
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| external oblique | Compresses the abdominal cavity. Laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column. Both sides flex verebral column anteriorly.
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| internal oblique | Compresses abdominal contents, laterally bends and rotates verebral column. It also aids the rectus abdominis in flexing verebral column.
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| pectoralis major | Adducts and medially rotates arm, clavicular head flexes humerus, sternal head extends humerus, and with insertion fixed it assists in elevation of the thorax.
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| pectoralis minor | With ribs flexed, it draws the scapula forward and downward, and with scapula fixed, it draws the rib cage superiorly.
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| serratus anterior | Abducts and protracts the scapula, rotates it so that the glenoid cavity faces cranially. It also holds the scapula firmly against the thorax.
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| trapezius | Stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates the scapula. The superior fibers elevate, the middle fibers retract, and the inferior fibers depress the scapula. Together the upper and lower fibers rotate the arm.
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| latissimus dorsi | Extends, adducts and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward.
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| deltoid | Anterior portion--flexion and medial rotation of the arm. Middle portion--abducts the arm. Posterior portion--extends and laterally rotates the arm.
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| subscapularis | Medially rotates and stablilizes the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity.
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| supraspinatus | Abducts the arm and acts to stabilize the humeral head in the glenoid cavity during movements of the shoulder joint. One of four "rotator cuff" muscles.
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| infraspinatus | Lateral rotation of the shoulder and acts to stabilize the humeral head in the glenoid cavity. It is one of the "rotator cuff" muscles.
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| biceps brachii | Flexes and supinates the forearm.
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| triceps brachii | Extends the forearm and the tendon of the long head helps stabilize the shoulder joint.
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| flexor digitorum superficialis (in antebrachium) | Flexes the wrist and the middle phalanges of fingers two through five.
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| quadratus femoris | Laterally rotates the thigh at the hip joint.
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| glueteus maximus | Upper part--extends and laterally rotates thigh. Lower part--extends, laterally rotates thigh and assists in raising the trunk from a flexed position. Also assists in adduction of the hip joint.
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| gluteus medius | Abducts the hip joint and medially rotates the thigh.
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| gluteus minimus | Abducts the fermur at the hip joint and medially rotates the thigh.
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| tensor fascia latae | Assists in abduction, medial rotation, and flexion of thigh. Makes the iliotibial tract taut. Stabilizer of the hip.
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| sartorius | Flexes, laterally rotates, and abducts the hip joint. Also flexes the torso toward the leg, and flexes and assists in medial rotation of the knee.
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| rectus femoris | Extends the leg at the knee and flexes the thigh at the hip joint.
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| vastus medialis | Extends the leg at the knee joint and draws the patella medially.
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| vastus lateralis | Extends the knee joint and exerts a lateral pull on the patella.
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| vastus intermedius | Extends the knee at the joint.
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| biceps femoris | Flexes and laterally rotates the knee joint and extends the thigh.
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| gracilis | Adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint. Assists in medial rotation.
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| gastronemius | Plantar flexion of the ankle joint and assists in flexion of the knee joint.
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| soleus | Plantar flexion of the ankle and stabilizes the leg over the foot.
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| flexor digitorum longus (in leg) | Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes, assists in plantar flexion of foot, inverts foot.
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| tibialis anterior | Dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint and inversion of the foot.
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| peroneus longus | Plantar flexion and eversion of the foot.
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Created by:
ckrevalin
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