Scientific Revolution in the 16th & 17th Centuries Chp 14 in The Western Heritag
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| Scientific Revolution | A process that established a new view of the universe. Not "new science" but a reexamining of old science
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| On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres | Nicolaus Copernicus
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| The Ptolemaic System | Combination of mathmatical astronomy of Ptolemy and physical cosmetology of Aristotle. Geocentric
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| The Ptolemaic Model | A planet moved uniformly around a small circle (epicycle), and the center of the epicycle moved uniformally around a larger circle (deferent), with Earth at or near the center
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| Copernicus's Universe | Heliocentric. Still had epicycles but they were smalller.
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| Tycho Brahe | Mercury and Venus circle sun and sun, moon, and other planets orbit earth. Produced accurate data by using tools.
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| Johannes Kepler | Brahe's assisstant. Took possession of Brahe's data. Heliocentric model, but abandoned circular components of Copernicus's model, especially epicycles. Discovered elliptical path of planets
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| The New Astronomy | Johannes Kepler
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| Galileo Galilei | Found new evidence supporting Copernicus
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| Starry Messenger | Galileo
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| Letters on Sunspots | Galileo
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| Isaac Newton | The Laws of Gravitation
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| Principia Mathematica | Isaac Newton
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| Mechanism | Sought to explain the world in terms of mechanical mataphors
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| Empiricism | Experimentation in science
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| The Empirical Method | Francis Bacon
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| The Advancement of Learning | Francis Bacon
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| Novum Organum | Bacon
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| The New Atlantis | Bacon
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| Rene Descartes | Invented analytic geometry and deduction.
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| Discourse on Method | Rene Descartes
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| Scientific Induction | Scientists draw generalizations derived from and test hypotheses against empirical observations.
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| Thomas Hobbes | Humans are evil and seek only to serve themselves. Absolute rule.
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| Leviathan | Hobbes
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| John Locke | Moderate liberty and toleration.
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| First and Second Treatise of Government | Locke
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| Letter Concerning Toleration | Locke
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| Essay Concerning Human Understanding | Locke
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| Margaret Cavendish | Woman natural philosopher and writer. 1st and only woman to be allowed to visit a meeting of the Royal Society of London in the 17th century.
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| Maria Winkelmann | Worked with her husband, discovered a comet.
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| Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy | Cavendish
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| Description of a New World, Called the Blazing World | Cavendish
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| Newtonianism for Ladies | Francesco Algarotti
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| Emilie du Chatelet | Aided Voltaire in his book on Newtonian science
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| Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems | Galileo- the book that led to his arrest
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| Blais Pascal | Tried to reconcile faith and new science
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| Pensees (Thoughts) | Pascal
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| Physico-theology | The religious thought associated with deducing of religious conclusions from nature
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| Baroque | Covered natural objests in a surrealisic way.
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| Michelangelo Caravaggio | Devoted to picturing sharp contrasts between dark and light.
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| Louis LeNain | Painted peasants
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| Gian Lorenzo Bernini | St. Peter's Basilica
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| Peter Paul Rubens | Leading Baroque religious painter
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| Versailles | Interior covered with Baroque art
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