vocab
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| stupa | mounded stone structures built over Buddhist holy relics
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| steppe | dry, grass-covered plains
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| Shiva | Hindu god; destroyer of the world
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| silk roads | a system of ancient caravan routes aqcross Central Asia, along which traders carried silk and ohter trade goods
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| nirvana | in Buddhism, the release from pain and suffering achieved after enlightment
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| karma | in hinduis and buddhism, the totality of the good and bad deeds performed by a person, which is believed to determine his or her fate after rebirth
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| enlightenment | in buddhism, a state of perfect wisdom in which one understands basic truths about the universe
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| reincarnation | in hinduishm and buddhism, the process by which a soul is reborn continuously until it achieves perfect understanding
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| indo-europeans | a group of seminomadic peoples who began to migrat from what is now southern Russia to the Indian subcontinent, Europe, and southwest asia
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| vedas | four collections of sacred writings produced by the aryans during an early stage of their settlement in india
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| Vishnu | hindu god; preserver of the world
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| jainism | a monotheistic religion that developed in arabia
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| Brahma | hindu god; creator of the world
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| aryans | an indo-european people who began to migrate into the indian subcontinent
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| Anatolia (modern turkey) | the southwest asian peninsula now occupied by the asian part of turkey-also called asia minor
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| Hittites | an indo-eruopean people who settled in Anatolia
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| Mahabharata | a great indian epic poem, reflecting the struggles of the aryans as they moved south into inda
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| migration | the act of moving from one place to settle in another
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| patrearchal | relating to a social system in which the father is head of the family
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| Buddha (siddhartha) | enlightened one; founder of buddhism
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| varna(s) | skin color; four major groups in the caste system
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| caste system | a system where aryans were organized into four groups based on occupation when they first arrived in india
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| noble eightfoldpath | path to overcome desire and reach enlightenment
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| moksha | a state of perfect understanding of all things
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| dharma | buddhist doctrine or teachings
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| krishna | one of the most famous incidents in indain literature occurs when krishna intructs the young warrior on the proper way to live, fight, and die
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| lama | spiritual teacher
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| prayer wheel | beautiful art, inscribed with prayers, and spin it, and the prayers are sent to heaven
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| the big five | christianity, islam, hinduism, buddhism, and judaism
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| dowry | the money, goods, or estate that a woman brings to her husband in marriage.
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| atman | self; soul; ego
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| guru | one who is regarded as having great knowledge, wisdom and authority in a certain area, and who uses it to guide others
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| zen | school of Mahāyāna Buddhism
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