Spinal Sensory Motor Pathways
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| White matter is what? | show 🗑
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| What are the bundle of nerve fibers in white matter called? | show 🗑
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| show | Posterior - b/w midline and dorsal horn of spinal cord
Lateral - b/w dorsal and ventral horns
Anterior - b/w midline and ventral horn of spinal cord
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| show | Posterior - pure sensory
Lateral - both sensory and motor
Anterior - both sensory and motor
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| What are the tracts in the posterior column? | show 🗑
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| show | Corticospinal
Rubcrospinal
Reticulospinal
Vestibulospinal
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| What are the tracts in the anterior column? | show 🗑
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| show | Sensory nerve fibers
Take info from spinal cord to higher regions
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| show | Motor nerve fibers
Takes info from higher regions to spinal cord
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| In reflex arc, how many neurons need to be engaged? | show 🗑
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| show | Spinal cord, in grey matter, in substantia gelatinosa
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| show | Relay info from somatic receptors to primary somatosensory area in the cerebral cortex
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| show | 3
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| show | Axon collaterals
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| show | Have cell bodies in their dorsal root ganglia and central processes that enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root
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| show | Either
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| Describe the path for the second order neuron in the somatic sensory pathway. | show 🗑
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| Describe the path for the third order neuron in the somatic sensory pathway. | show 🗑
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| Where will the second order neuron in the somatic sensory pathway cross to the opposite side? | show 🗑
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| If transmitting info for touch or pain, where is the cell body for third order neurons in the somatic sensory pathway? | show 🗑
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| For the pathway for pain and temperature, where will the second neuron cross over? | show 🗑
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| What side of the patient loses pain and temperature if the spinal cord is cut? | show 🗑
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| What pathway does the information for pain and temperature relayed on? | show 🗑
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| show | Connects to second neuron in dorsal horn of the spinal cord, on same side the nerve impulse comes from
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| For the spinothalamic pathway, describe the path for the second order neuron | show 🗑
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| For the spinothalamic pathway, describe the path for the third order neuron | show 🗑
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| What pathway does the information for touch and proprioception relayed on? | show 🗑
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| The info for discriminative touch and proprioception aids in what activities? | show 🗑
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| What kind of info is relayed in the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway? | show 🗑
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| show | Cell body in DRG enters spinal cord and ascend in posterior column of same side without synapsing
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| Fibers from the lower part of the body ascend in what tract in the dorsal column? | show 🗑
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| Fibers from the upper part of the body ascend in what tract in the dorsal column? | show 🗑
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| Where do the first order neurons synapse with the second order for the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway? | show 🗑
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| What are the second order neurons referred to in the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway? | show 🗑
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| show | Medial lemniscus
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| show | Internal arcuate fibers cross the midline, making an arc
Will be packed in small area called medial lemniscus
Will travel to the VPL nucleus of thalamus
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| show | Crude touch or vibration
No awareness of discriminating senses
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| For the posterior column-medial lemniscus, describe the path for the third order neuron | show 🗑
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| What kind of information is relayed in the anterolateral pathway? | show 🗑
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| What tract does the information for crude touch and pressure relayed on? | show 🗑
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| show | Cell bodies in DRG enter spinal cord via dorsal root and synapse with second order neuron in dorsal horn on same side
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| show | Travel up or down one or two segments in Lissauer's tract
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| show | AKA dorsolateral tract
Between tip of dorsal horn and surface of spinal cord
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| What is the function of Lissauer's tract? | show 🗑
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| What would be an example of needing Lissauer's tract? | show 🗑
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| For the anterolateral pathway, describe the path for the second order order neuron | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior white commissure
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| show | Small white matter between anterior horns of spinal cord in front of central canal
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| What makes up the anterior white commissure? | show 🗑
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| show | Both sides
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| show | Vague awareness and crude localization of touch and pressure
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| show | Travel to cerebral cortex via internal capsule
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| At level of cerebral cortex, describe awareness of senses. (anterolateral) | show 🗑
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| show | Anterior and lateral spinothalamic tract
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| What kind of information is relayed in lateral spinothalamic tract? | show 🗑
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| show | Identical except for function and location
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| For the lateral spinothalamic pathway, describe the path for the first order neuron | show 🗑
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| show | From dorsal horn, axon will cross midline to opposite lateral funiculus and travel to VPL of thalamus to synapse with 3rd order neuron
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| What is the NT used at synapse of 1st and 2nd order neurons in the lateral spinothalamic tract? | show 🗑
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| show | Travel to cerebral cortex via internal capsule
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| show | Proportional
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| show | Proportional
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| show | Superior colliculus of midbrain
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| show | Functionally, transmits typical spinothalamic impulses into tectum of midbrain
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| show | Utilizes different parts of the brain for different functions for information traveling in the brainstem
Synapses with other neurons which activate reflex or inhibit pain
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| show | Drives reflexes
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| In taste, what is the afferent and efferent? | show 🗑
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| Hearing reflex, what is the afferent and efferent? | show 🗑
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| show | Spinoreticular
Spinomesencephalic
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| Describe the spinoreticular tract | show 🗑
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| show | Bring a sense of awareness and alertness to the injury
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| Is the spinoreticular tract a collateral of the spinothalamic? | show 🗑
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| show | Enters dorsal horn and synapses but does NOT cross
Travels up same side of SC in lateral column
Terminates in periaqueductal gray region of midbrain
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| What is the periaqueductal grey region? | show 🗑
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| What do the neurons in PAG contai? | show 🗑
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| What region has connections to the limbic system? | show 🗑
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| What is the implication of connecting to the limbic system for the spinomesencephalic tract? | show 🗑
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| What is syringomyelia? | show 🗑
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| show | 2
From departure to destination
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| show | Ventral horn - motor
Lateral - visceral motor
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| In motor pathways, where could the neuron end up in the brain stem? | show 🗑
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| Describe the pathway for upper motor neurons | show 🗑
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| What kind of nerves is the corticobulbar tract associated with? | show 🗑
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| show | Brainstem
CN III, IV in midbrain
CN V-VIII in pons
CN IX-XII in medulla
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| show | Start in brainstem and end in spinal cord
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| show | Spinal cord
Ventral horn
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| show | Begins in brainstem or spinal cord and innervates muscles
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| Where in the brainstem does the lower motor neuron arise from? | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral horn
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| For upper motor neuron lesions in the corticospinal tract, what side of the body would the signs be presented? | show 🗑
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| show | Spastic muscles (increased muscle tone, no inhibitory influences)
Exaggerated or pathological reflexes (i.e. Babinski sign)
Paresis (weakness) or paralysis when voluntary movement attempted
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| show | Flaccid muscles and atrophy
Loss of reflexes
Paresis or paralysis when voluntary movement attempted
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| For lower motor neuron lesions, what side of the body would the signs be presented? | show 🗑
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| show | Internal capsule
Crus cerebri of midbrain
Basilar portion of pons
Pyramid of medulla
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| What happens at the junction of the medulla and spinal cord for the corticospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| Describe the path for the lateral corticospinal tract | show 🗑
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| Describe the path for the anterior corticospinal tract | show 🗑
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| Which fibers are responsible for coordinated, precise, and voluntary skeletal muscle movements? | show 🗑
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| show | Sensory cortex, cerebellum, etc
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| show | Because core receives input from both sides of the brain, damage to one side won't cause completely paralysis
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| What is the implication of the anterior corticospinal tract movement and where it synapses for limbs? | show 🗑
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| What tract is older than corticospinal? | show 🗑
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| show | Crawling before walking
Damage to CPT can be overcome with time by RS
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| show | Rubrospinal
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| What is the rubrospinal tract called a crossed pathway? | show 🗑
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| show | Red nucleus of midbrain
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| Describe the path for the rubrospinal tract | show 🗑
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| What muscles are inhibited for the rubrospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| What muscles are excited for the rubrospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| show | Starts at spinal cord then goes all the way up
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| What is the implication of the direction of nervous system development? | show 🗑
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| The fibers in rubrospinal tract are concerned with what? | show 🗑
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| Rubrospinal tract receives input from what structures? | show 🗑
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| Where does the tectospinal tract begin? | show 🗑
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| show | Spinotectal tract terminates there
Tectospinal tract begins there
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| show | From superior colliculus, fibers soon cross and descend through brainstem to anterior column of spinal cord
Terminate in upper cervical segments of spinal cord
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| show | CN III, IV, VI - coordinate head and eye movement
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| What is the function of tectospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| Which cranial nerve descend into segments of the spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | C1-C6
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| Describe the path for the lateral vestibulospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| What is the function of the lateral vestibulospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| What muscles are inhibited in the lateral vestibulospinal tract? | show 🗑
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| show | Extensor
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| show |
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