flash cards
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| Buttocks | Gluteus Maximus
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| Contractility | ability to shorten with force
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| Excitability | capacity to respond to a stimulus
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| Extensibility | ability to be stretched
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| Elasticity | recoil to natural length after being stretched
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| Epimysium | connective tissue sheath surrounded by each muscle
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| Fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium
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| Perimysium | loose connective tissue surrounding a fascicle
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| Fibers | single muscle cells
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| Endomysium | connective tissue sheath surrounding each fiber
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| Myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other
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| Actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments
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| Myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments
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| Sarcomeres | joined end to end to form the myofibril
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| Resting membrane potential | charge difference across the membrane
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| Action potential | brief reversal back of the charge
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| Motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers
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| neuromuscular junction | Each branch that connects to the muscle forms
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| motor unit | single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates
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| occipitofrontalis | raises eyebrows
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| orbicularis oculi | closes eyelids
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| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips
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| buccinator | flattens cheek
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| zygomaticus | smiling muscle
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| levator labii superioris | sneering
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| depressor anguli oris | frowning
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| mastication | chewing
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| sternocleidomastoid | neck muscle
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| diaphragm | slow breathing
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| Triceps brachii | extends forearm
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| Biceps brachii | flexes the forearm
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| brachialis | flexes forearm
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| brachioradials | flexes and supinates forearm
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| flexor carpi | flex wrist
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| extensor carpi | extends wrist
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| flexor digitorum | flex fingers
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| extensor digitorum | extends fingers
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| synaptic cleft | space between presynaptic cleft and muscle cells
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| presynaptic cleft | nerve terminal
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| synaptic vesicle | surrounds the terminal
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| acetylcholine | neurotransmitter
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| acetylcholinesterase | The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down by an enzymes
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| sliding filament mechanism | The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction
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| Muscle twitch | is a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers.
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| threshold | A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level
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| all-or-none response | at which point the muscle fiber will contract maximally
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| lag phase | The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction is the
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| contraction phase | where the muscles contract
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| relaxation phase | where the muscles relax
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| Tetany | contracted without relaxing
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| recruitment | increase in motor units
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| creatine phosphate | produced for muscle cells
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| Anaerobic respiration | no oxygen
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| Aerobic respiration | oxygen
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| oxygen debt | lack of oxygen
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| Muscle fatigue | muscles giving out
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| isometric | muscle length does not change
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| isotonic | length changes
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| Muscle tone | refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time
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| Fast-twitch fibers | fast muscles twitch
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| Slow-twitch fibers | slow muscle twitch
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| origin | most stationary end of muscle
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| insertion | undergoing greatest movement
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| belly | between origin and insertion
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| synergists | work together
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| antagonists | work against
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| prime mover | one muscle works to move others
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| sliding filament mechanism | The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction
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| acetylcholinesterase | The acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft between the neuron and muscle cell is rapidly broken down
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| External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration
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| Internal intercostals | do not elevate ribs
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| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing
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| rectus abdominis | On each side of the linea alba
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| Pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm
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| Latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm
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| Deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle, and is the major abductor of the upper limb.
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Created by:
jdixon21
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