Study materials for the cardiovascular system-B. Poole
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| What are the two other names for the cardiovascular system? | blood-vascular system, and circulatory system
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| What make up the cardiovascular system? | the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatics
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| What role does the circulation of blood play? | Nutrients and other essential materials pass from capillary blood into fluids surrounding the cells as waste products are removed
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| How does oxygen get into the blood? | Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissue and transports carbon dioxide from body tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled
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| Name the two systems of blood vessels | Pulmonary and systemic
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| What is the path of the pulmonary vessels? | It transports blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium
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| What is the path of the systemic system? | It carries blood from the left ventricle to the tissues in all parts of the body and returns the blood to the right atrium
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| Where do arteries carry blood? | Away from the heart
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| What is the role of capillaries? | They form the connection between arteries and veins; they allow the exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells
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| Where do veins carry blood? | Toward the heart
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| How many layers do veins and arteries have? | Three
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| What do venous valves do? | They exist in medium and large veins to prevent the backflow of blood that would occur due to gravity
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| What is a pulse? | the rhythmic expansion of an artery that is caused by ejection of blood from the ventricle
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| What is blood pressure? | Arterial blood pressure; the pressure in the aorta and its branches.
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| What is systolic pressure? | Pressure during ventricular contraction (when the heart beats)
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| What is diastolic pressure? | Pressure when the heart is at rest
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| What are the three layers of the heart? | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
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| What are the four chambers of the heart? | right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
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| What are the two types of valves in the heart? | atrioventricular valves, and semilunar valves
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| How do substances pass through the capillary wall? | diffusion, filtration, and osmosis
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