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AH 112: Cardio

Study materials for the cardiovascular system-B. Poole

QuestionAnswer
What are the two other names for the cardiovascular system? blood-vascular system, and circulatory system
What make up the cardiovascular system? the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatics
What role does the circulation of blood play? Nutrients and other essential materials pass from capillary blood into fluids surrounding the cells as waste products are removed
How does oxygen get into the blood? Blood transports oxygen from the lungs to body tissue and transports carbon dioxide from body tissues back to the lungs to be exhaled
Name the two systems of blood vessels Pulmonary and systemic
What is the path of the pulmonary vessels? It transports blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium
What is the path of the systemic system? It carries blood from the left ventricle to the tissues in all parts of the body and returns the blood to the right atrium
Where do arteries carry blood? Away from the heart
What is the role of capillaries? They form the connection between arteries and veins; they allow the exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells
Where do veins carry blood? Toward the heart
How many layers do veins and arteries have? Three
What do venous valves do? They exist in medium and large veins to prevent the backflow of blood that would occur due to gravity
What is a pulse? the rhythmic expansion of an artery that is caused by ejection of blood from the ventricle
What is blood pressure? Arterial blood pressure; the pressure in the aorta and its branches.
What is systolic pressure? Pressure during ventricular contraction (when the heart beats)
What is diastolic pressure? Pressure when the heart is at rest
What are the three layers of the heart? epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
What are the four chambers of the heart? right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
What are the two types of valves in the heart? atrioventricular valves, and semilunar valves
How do substances pass through the capillary wall? diffusion, filtration, and osmosis
Created by: LCC
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