Study materials for the skeletal system unit
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| How many bones does the human body contain? | 206 bones
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| What does "axial skeleton" mean? | It refers to the 80 bones that lie on the axial line (the central line) of the body
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| What does "appendicular skeleton" mean? | It refers to the 126 bones found in the limbs of the body
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| Where is the mandible bone located? | The jaw
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| What are animals with backbones called? | Vertebrates
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| What four things make up the skeletal system? | Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons
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| Bones and muscle function as ____ to produce body movement. | A simple mechanical lever
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| Bones contain more of this than any other organ. | Calcium
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| What is the formation of blood cells called? | Hematopoiesis
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| Where does hematopoiesis mostly take place? | In the red marrow of the bones
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| In adults, red marrow is limited to what areas? | the spongy bone in the skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebrae, and pelvis
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| Name the two types of bone tissue | Compact and spongy
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| What are the three types of bone cells? | Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes
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| What are osteoblasts? | Bone-forming cells
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| What are osteoclasts? | Cells that absorb or break down bone
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| What are osteocytes? | Mature bone cells
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| What is compact bone? | bone with closely packed osteons
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| What is spongy bone? | Bone that is lighter and less dense than compact bone.
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| What is ossification? | the formation of bone
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| When does the skeleton begin to form? | during the first few weeks after conception
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| Name the two types of ossification | Intramembranous, and endochondral
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| What is intramembranous ossification? | the replacement of sheet-like connective tissue membranes with bony tissue
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| What is endochondral ossification? | the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bony tissue. Most bones of the body are formed this way
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| What is cartilage? | a dense connective tissue that consists of fibers embedded in a strong, gel-like substance. It has the flexibility of firm plastic.
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| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline, fibrous, and elastic
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| What are the four classifications of bones? | Long, short, flat, and irregular
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| Name five functions of the human skeleton | body support, protection of organs, movement, mineral storage, formation of blood cells
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