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AH 112: Skeleton
Study materials for the skeletal system unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many bones does the human body contain? | 206 bones |
| What does "axial skeleton" mean? | It refers to the 80 bones that lie on the axial line (the central line) of the body |
| What does "appendicular skeleton" mean? | It refers to the 126 bones found in the limbs of the body |
| Where is the mandible bone located? | The jaw |
| What are animals with backbones called? | Vertebrates |
| What four things make up the skeletal system? | Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons |
| Bones and muscle function as ____ to produce body movement. | A simple mechanical lever |
| Bones contain more of this than any other organ. | Calcium |
| What is the formation of blood cells called? | Hematopoiesis |
| Where does hematopoiesis mostly take place? | In the red marrow of the bones |
| In adults, red marrow is limited to what areas? | the spongy bone in the skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebrae, and pelvis |
| Name the two types of bone tissue | Compact and spongy |
| What are the three types of bone cells? | Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes |
| What are osteoblasts? | Bone-forming cells |
| What are osteoclasts? | Cells that absorb or break down bone |
| What are osteocytes? | Mature bone cells |
| What is compact bone? | bone with closely packed osteons |
| What is spongy bone? | Bone that is lighter and less dense than compact bone. |
| What is ossification? | the formation of bone |
| When does the skeleton begin to form? | during the first few weeks after conception |
| Name the two types of ossification | Intramembranous, and endochondral |
| What is intramembranous ossification? | the replacement of sheet-like connective tissue membranes with bony tissue |
| What is endochondral ossification? | the replacement of hyaline cartilage with bony tissue. Most bones of the body are formed this way |
| What is cartilage? | a dense connective tissue that consists of fibers embedded in a strong, gel-like substance. It has the flexibility of firm plastic. |
| What are the three types of cartilage? | hyaline, fibrous, and elastic |
| What are the four classifications of bones? | Long, short, flat, and irregular |
| Name five functions of the human skeleton | body support, protection of organs, movement, mineral storage, formation of blood cells |
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LCC
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