Review the anatomy of the digestive system
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| digestion | breakdown of food
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| absorption | transfer of nutients into bloodstream
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| sphincter | circular muscle that closes off a tube
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| esophagus | connects mouth to stomach
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| enamel | covers crown of tooth
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| pulp | found inside tooth; where nerves and blood vessels are
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| dentin | beneath enamel of tooth
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| HCl, mucus,pepsin | contents of gastric juice
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| oropharynx | portion of throat in back of mouth
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| nasopharynx | portion of throat in back of nose
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| accessory organ | assist digestive process
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| mucous membrane | found lining digestive system
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| submucosa | beneath mucous membrane
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| serosa | covers outside of digestive system
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| peritoneum | serous membrane that lines abdominopelvic cavity
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| mesocolon | extends from the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
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| mesentery | fan-shaped membrane that attaches small intestine together
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| visceral peritoneum | part of the peritoneum that covers organs
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| parietal peritoneum | part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominopelvic cavity
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| ingestion | taking in of food
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| deciduous | baby teeth
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| 20 | number of baby teeth
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| 32 | number of adult teeth
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| caries | dental decay (cavity)
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| mastication | chewing
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| deglutition | swallowing
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| contents of saliva | mucus, water, salt, amylase
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| alimentary canal | another term for digestive tract
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| papillae | raised areas on tongue
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| uvula | prevents food from entering nose
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| incisors | front teeth
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| cuspids | canine teeth
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| molars | 3 back teeth for grinding
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| wisdom teeth | third set of molars; last teeth to emerge
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| bolus | food ball you swallow
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| chyme | food + gastric juice in stomach
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| gingiva | gums
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| pharynx | throat
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| epiglottis | leaf-shaped cartilage which covers the opening of the trachea when you swallow
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| root | part of tooth beneath gums
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| greater curvature | lateral curvature of stomach
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| lesser curvature | medial curvature of stomach
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| phyloric sphincter | between stomach and duodenum
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| cardiac sphincter | between esophagus and stomach
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| rugae | folds lining stomach
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| duodenum | first part of the small intestine
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| jejunum | middle portion of the small intestine
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| ileum | last portion of the small intestine
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| villi | fingerlike projections that line small intestine; increase surface area
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| microvilli | projecting folds of the villi
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| teniae coli | bands that pucker colon
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| lacteal | lymph capillaries that absorb fats
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| cecum | first part of the colon; a blind pouch
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| ileoocecal valve | sphincter between the ileum and the cecum
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| rectum | temporary storrage area for indigestible food residue
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| feces | solid waste material
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| defecation | the process of eliminating feces
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| vermiform appendix | worm-like lymphoid tissue attached to the cecum
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| peptic ulcer | ulcer along stomach lining
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| pyloric stenosis | obstruction of the pyloric sphincter
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| gingivitis | inflammation of gums
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| caries | tooth decay
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| Vincent disease | gingivitis caused by bacteria common in teenagers
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| leukoplakia | white patches on tongue; precancerous
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| peritonitis | inflammation of peritoneum
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| periodontitis | infection of gums and supporting bone
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| irritable bowel syndrome | disorder involving pain and constipation or diarrhea; intestine is overly sensitive to stimulation; can be caused by stress
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| appendicitis | infection of the appendix
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| fecalith | hardened piece of feces that may cause appendicitis
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| flatus | "gas"
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| hiatal hernia | stomach protrudes through esophagial hiatus
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| GERD | chronic acid reflux
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| enteritis | intestinal inflammation
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| gastroenteritis | inflammation of intestine and stomach
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| nausea | unpleasant sensation; urge to vomit
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| vomiting | reverse peristalsis
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| peristalsis | smooth muscle contraction of the digestive system
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| emesis | another word for vomiting
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| gastritis | inflammation of the stomach
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| diverticulitis | infection of diverticuli
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| diarrhea | abnormally watery bowel movement
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| constipation | hard stool or difficulty with defecation
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| obstipation | extreme constipation
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| colonoscope | used to examine colon
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| hemorrhoids | varicose veins of the rectum
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| spastic constipation | caused by overstimulation of the intestinal canal; canal narrows and space inside is not large enough to permit passage of fecal material
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| flaccid constipation | caused by lazy or atonic intestinal muscles
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| Helicobacter pylori | bacteria which causes some ulcers
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Created by:
cyndilevin
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