Study material for the tissue unit
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| What are the four types of human tissue? | *Epithelial
*Connective
Muscle
Nervous
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| What is epithelial tissue? | Continuous cellular sheet that covers the body's surface, lines body cavities, and forms certain glands
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| Epithelial tissue is classified by what two things? | *Number of cell layers
*Shape
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| Name the three categories of cells based on number of cell layers. | *Simple (one layer)
*Stratified (multi-layered)
*Pseudostratified (one layer but appears multi-layered)
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| Name the three categories of cells based on shape. | *Squamous (flat surface cells)
*Columnar (tall cylindrical surface cells)
*Cuboidal (cube-shaped surface cells)
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| What is endothelium? | epithelium tissue with a single layer of squamous cells attached to a basement membrane
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| What is glandular epithelium? | special epithelium that makes up organs that produce secretions
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| What are the three categories of glands, determined by how they secrete their products? | *Endocrine
*Exocrine
*Mixed glands
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| Where do endocrine glands secrete their products? | Into the blood or lymph
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| Where do exocrine glands secrete their products? | Into ducts that lead to external/internal surfaces
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| What is a mixed gland? | A gland that contains both endocrine/exocrine cells
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| Where is connective tissue found? | Bones, cartilage, adipose (fatty) tissue
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| What is the purpose of connective tissue? | Binds together and supports body structure
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| What are the two categories of connective tissue? | *Loose
*Dense
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| What is loose connective tissue? | large spaces that separate the fibers and cells; contains a lot of intercellular fluid
Also called areolar connective tissue
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| What is dense connective tissue? | Provides structural support and has a greater fiber concentration
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| What are the two categories of dense connective tissue? | *Dense regular connective tissue
*Dense irregular connective tissue
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| What is dense regular connective tissue? | Tightly packed fibers arranged in a consistent pattern
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| What is dense irregular connective tissue? | Tightly packed fibers arranged in an inconsistent pattern
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| What is the function of adipose tissue? | *Specialized type of loose connective tissue
*Distributed subcutaneously
*Insulation to preserve body heat
*Cushion for internal organs
*Storage depot for excess food/reserve supplies of energy
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| What are the three types of muscle tissue? | *Striated
*Cardiac
*Smooth
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| What is striated muscle tissue? | Striped/striated tissue that contracts voluntarily (example: biceps)
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| How is cardiac muscle tissue different from other striated tissue? | *Its fibers are separate cellular units that don't contain many nuclei
*It contracts involuntarily
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| What is smooth muscle tissue? | Long, spindle-shaped cells that have no striped pattern. Activity is stimulated by autonomic nervous system. Contracts involuntarily. Lines the walls of many internal organs.
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| What is the function of nervous tissue? | Serves as the body's communication; brings impulses to the cell body; conducts impulses away
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| What are neurons? | Cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses. Consists of dendrites and an axon. These allow the neuron to conduct impulses over long distances.
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