Duke PA pathology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What are some arachidonic acid metabolites? | prostaglandins & leukotrienes
🗑
|
||||
| What do prostaglandins do? | vasoconstrict or vasodilate, involved in pain and fever
🗑
|
||||
| What do leuktotrienes do? | increase vasular permability, vasoconstrict, leukocyt adhesion & chemotaxis
🗑
|
||||
| What is platelet activating factor synthesized by? | platelets, leukocytes, endothelium
🗑
|
||||
| What are some inflammatory effects of platelet activating factor? | stimulates platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction & bronchoconstriction, vasodilation and increased venular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| What are some more inflammatory effects of platelet activating factor? | increased leukocyte adhesion, chemotaxis, degranulation, and oxidative burst, increases synthesis of arachidonic acid metabolites
🗑
|
||||
| Cytokines | proteins produced by many cell types (principally by activated lymphocytes and macrophages)
🗑
|
||||
| What do cytokines do? | modulate the function of other cell types?
🗑
|
||||
| What are the major cytokines that mediate inflammation? | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
🗑
|
||||
| Chemokines | small proteins that act as chemoattractants for specific types of leukocytes (~40)
🗑
|
||||
| What do chemokines do? | stimulate leukocyte recruitment in inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| What else do chemokines do? | contral normal migration of cells through tissues
🗑
|
||||
| What are examples of chemokines? | IL-8, eotaxin, lymphotactin
🗑
|
||||
| Neuropeptides | Substance P and neurokinin A
🗑
|
||||
| Where are neuropeptides produced? | central and peripheral nervous systems
🗑
|
||||
| Where are substance P nerve fibers prominent? | in lung and GI tract
🗑
|
||||
| What are neuropeptides mechanisms of action? | vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Neutrophil granules | Cationic proteins increase vascular permeability, immobilze neutrophils, chemotactic for mononuclear phagocytes, and more
🗑
|
||||
| How are oxygen-derived free radicals produced? | during phagocytosis by neutrophils "respiratory burst"
🗑
|
||||
| What do oxygen-derived free radicals cause? | tissue damage including endothelium
🗑
|
||||
| What inflammatory mediators are involved in vasodilation? | prostaglandins & nitric oxide
🗑
|
||||
| Histamine and serotonin cause what response in inflammation? | increased vascular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Complement (C3a, C5a) causes what response in inflammation? | increased vascular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Bradykinin and leukotrienes (C4, D4, E4) cause what response in inflammation? | increased vascular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| PAF, nitric oxide, substance P and oxygen metabolites cause what response in inflammation? | increased vascular permeability
🗑
|
||||
| Complement (C5a), leukotriene B4, chemokines and nitric oxide cause what response in inflammation? | chemotaxis, leukocyte activation
🗑
|
||||
| Interleukin-1, TNF, and prostaglandins cause what response in inflammation? | fever
🗑
|
||||
| Prostaglandins and bradykinin cause what response in inflammation? | pain
🗑
|
||||
| neutrophil & macrophage lysosomal enzymes, O2 metabolites and nitric oxide cause what response in inflammation? | tissue damage
🗑
|
||||
| Wound healing | a complex but orderly process involving many chemical mediators and other growth facotrs, as well as cell-matrix interactions
🗑
|
||||
| Step 1 in wound healing | injury induces acute inflammation
🗑
|
||||
| Step 2 in wound healing | parenchymal cells regenerate
🗑
|
||||
| Step 3 in wound healing | both parenchymal and connective tissue cells migrate and proliferate
🗑
|
||||
| Step 4 in wound healing | extracellular matrix is produced
🗑
|
||||
| Step 5 in wound healing | parenchyma and connective tissue matrix remodel
🗑
|
||||
| Step 6 in wound healing | increase in wound strength due to collagen deposition
🗑
|
||||
| What is the "hallmark of healing"? | granulation tissue
🗑
|
||||
| "Granulation tissue" term comes from what? | soft, pink, granular appearance when viewed from the surface of a wound
🗑
|
||||
| Histology of granulation tissue | proliferation of small blood vessels and fibroblasts, tissue often edematous
🗑
|
||||
| Summary - acute inflmmation | neutrophils are pathognomonic
🗑
|
||||
| Summary - chronic inflammation | plasma cells are pathognomonic
🗑
|
||||
| Granulomatous inflammation | epitheliod macrophages are pathognomonic
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
ges13
Popular Medical sets