ENDOCRINE AND HORMONES
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| GROWTH HORMONE RH | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: RELEASE GROWTH HORMONE
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| GONADOTROPIN RH | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: RELEASE LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH)
RELEASE FOLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH)
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| CORTICOTROPIN RH | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: RELEASE ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH)
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| THYROTOPIN RH | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: RELEASE THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)
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| DOPAMINE | PRODUCED IN : VARIOUS AREAS OF THE BRAIN.
TARGET: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: RELEASE PROLACTIN
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| ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (ADH) | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: POSTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: INFLUENCE KIDNEYS TO REABSORB WATER
âSTORED IN THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY UNTIL NEEDED
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| OXYTOCIN | SECRETED BY: HYPOTHALAMUS.
TARGET: POSTERIOR PITUITARY.
ACTION: STIMULATE UTERINE CONTRACTIONS
& SOCIAL BONDING.
STORED IN THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY UNTIL IT IS NEEDED.
NOTE: EXAMPLE OF POSITIVE FEED BACK LOOP
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| GROWTH HORMONE GH | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: NEARLY ALL BODY CELLS.
ACTION: STIMULATE GROWTH
& CELL REGENERATION
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| THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: THYROID GLAND.
ACTION: STIMULATE RELEASE OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) & THYROXINE (T4)
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| ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE (ACTH) | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: ADRENAL GLAND.
ACTION: STIMULATE HORMONE RELEASE BY ADRENAL CORTEX
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| FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE (FSH) | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: GONADS.
ACTION: STIMULATES GAMETE PRODUCTION.
TESTES: PRODUCE SPERM.
OVARIES: MATURES EGGS
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| LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: GONADS.
ACTION: STIMULATES ANDROGEN PRODUCTION.
TESTES: TESTOSTERONE.
OVARIES: ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE & TRIGGERS OVULATION
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| PROLACTIN (PRL) | SECRETED BY: ANTERIOR PITUITARY.
TARGET: MAMMARY GLANDS.
ACTION: PROMOTE MILK PRODUCTION
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| MELATONIN | SECRETED BY: PINEAL GLAND.
TARGET: NA
ACTION: REGULATES SLEEP/WAKE CYCLE
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| TRIIODOTHYRONINE (T3) and THYROXING (T4) | SECRETED BY: THYROID GLAND.
TARGET: ALL CELLS IN THE BODY.
ACTION: INCREASE METABOLISM
THYROID HORMONE NEEDS IODINE TO BE FUNCTIONAL AND TO BE RECOGNIZED BY BODY CELLS
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| CALCITONIN | SECRETED BY: THYROID GLAND.
TARGET: BLOOD AND BODY CELLS.
ACTION: REGULATE BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS, BY DECREASING OSTEOCLAST ACTIVITY & STIMULATING CALCIUM INTO BONE TISSUE MATRIX
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| PARATHYROID HORMONE (PTH) | SECRETED BY: PARATHYROID GLAND.
TARGET: KIDNEYS, BONES, INTESTINES.
ACTION: REGULATE BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS INCREASE OSTEOCLAST ACTIVITY, INCREASE REABSORBTION OF CALCIUM IN KIDNEYS & INCREASE PRODUCTION OF VITAMIN D = INCREASE CALCIUM IN INTESTINE
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| INSULIN | SECRETED BY: PANCREAS.
TARGET: MUSCLE CELLS.
ACTION: LOWER BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
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| GLUCAGON | SECRETED BY: PANCREAS.
TARGET: LIVER.
ACTION: RAISE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS
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| MINERALOCORTICOIDS | SECRETED BY: ADRENAL CORTEX.
(ZONA GLOMERULOSE)
TARGET: NA
ACTION: REGULATING ELECTROLYTES.
example Aldosterone.
target: kidneys. action: increase BV & BP
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| GLUCOCORTICOIDS | SECRETED BY: ADRENAL CORTEX.
( ZONA FASCICULATE)
TARGET: NA
ACTION: INFLUENCE METABOLISM OF ENERGY.
example : Cortisol.
target: body cells. action: formation of glucose
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| CATECHOLAMINES | SECRETED BY: ADRENAL MEDULA.
TARGET: HEART, SMOOTH MUSCLE, GLANDS.
ACTION: FIGHT OR FLIGHT
example: epinephrine/ adrenaline and
norepinephrine/ noradrenaline
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| TESTOSTERONE | SECRETED BY: PRIMARILY TESTES.
TARGET: SEX ORGANS.
ACTION: STIMULATES DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY CHARACTERISTICS AND SPERM PRODUCTION
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| ESTROGEN & PROGESTERONE | SECRETED BY: PRIMARILY OVARIES.
TARGET: SEX ORGANS.
ACTION: STIMULATES DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE SECONDARY CHARACTERISTICS AND PREPARATION FOR CHILDBIRTH
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ANGELA.ROGERS1
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