Module 11
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Blood is composed of 50% _________________. | water
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| If your white blood cell count is high, you probably have an ___________________________. | infection
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| The maximum number of oxygen molecules that can be carried by one hemoglobin molecule is __________. | four
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| A blood cell is seen moving on it's own, so it must be a _________________________. | leukocyte
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| A medicine with an antihistamine affects this type of cell. | basophil
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| The three steps in the coagulation process produce these | prothrombinase, thrombin, fibrin
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| Tissue or blood vessel damage produces this. | prothrombinase
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| Prothrombinase converts prothrombin into this. | thrombin
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| Thrombin converts fibrinogen into this. | fibrin
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| Clean cuts do not promote _______________________ as well as jagged cuts do. | vasoconstriction
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| vasoconstrictive stage | first stage in hemostasis
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| platelet plug stage | second stage in hemostasis
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| coagulation stage | third stage in hemostasis
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| The release of this chemical stimulates several chemical processes that cause the platelets to stick together | thromboxane
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| Some things are ____________ in the coagulation process, and some things are already in the bloodstream. | made
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| Type O blood is called this because a person with any blood type can receive it without their body producing antibodies against it. | universal donor type
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| If a person with O- blood donates blood, this blood type has no risk in receiving this blood. | O-
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| If a person with O- blood donates blood, all other ___________________ have a low risk in receiving this blood. | blood types
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| As a universal recipient, people with this type of blood can receive transfusions from any blood type with low risk. | AB
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| To be a truly universal blood recipient, the blood must be this type, because Rh positive people do not produce the anti-Rh antibodies, and whether the blood donated is Rh positive or not will not matter. | AB+
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| Blood from the ___________________ comes from the body tissues and is deoxygenated. | right atrium
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| Blood from the _________________ comes from the lungs and is oxygenated. | left atrium
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| Deoxygenated blood is moving away from the heart. What ventricle was the blood just in? | right
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| Deoxygenated blood is moving away from the heart, and left the heart through the ________________________. | pulmonary trunk
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| Blood is more __________dense than water. So, if you fill a balloon with blood and throw it in water, it will __________. | dense, sink
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| The _______ of blood ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. | pH
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| The pH of blood has to be tightly controlled because many of the ____________________________ which control the body work properly only in a narrow range of pH. | chemical reactions
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| The two main components of blood are ______________ (55%) and ______________________ 45%) | plasma, formed elements
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| 50% of blood is _________________ | water
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| __________________ is mostly water. It also contains proteins, ions, nutrients, gases, regulatory chemicals, and waste | plasma
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| ____________________ make up most of the blood's formed elements. There are also leukocytes and blood platelets. | erythrocytes
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| ____________________ carries oxygen in the blood. | hemoglobin
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| What metal must be in the hemoglobin in order for it to work properly? | iron
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| _______________________ have a short life span because mature ones have no nucleus, and cannot make the proteins that they need and can't repair damge or replace degenerated proteins | red blood cells
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| granulocytes | neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
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| agranulocytes | lymphocytes, monocytes
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| Fight infections by phagocytosis | neutrophils, monocytes
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| Release histamine and heparin | basophils
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| ____________________ are anti-inflammatory | eosinophils
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| ___________________ produce antibodies | lymphocytes
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| Blood cells are formed from ____________________ found in the bone marrow. | stem cells
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| A ___________________ is the plug formed in platelet plug formation | thrombus
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| Coagulation factors play a critical role in this stage of blood coagulation | stage 1
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| If a blood coagulation factor is present, does this guarantee that coagulation is occurring? | no
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| If an activated coagulation factor is present, does this guarantee that coagulation is occurring? | yes, because factors are only activated during the coagulation process
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| Blood type ___________ is the universal donor, because it has no antigens at all. | O-
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| Blood type ____________ is the universal recipient, because it has no antibodies and, regardless of the anti gens in the donor's blood, the recipient has no antibodies to attack the cells. | AB+
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| A father has type A blood and a mother has type B blood. What types are possible for these parents' children? | type A, type B, type AB or type O
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| A father and mother are both Rh positive. They have a child who is Rh negative. This can happen because each parent must have a Rh-negative ___________. Each parent donates a _______________ allele. | allele, recessive
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| A person's blood pressure is 120 over 80. 120 is _____________ and 80 is __________________ | systolic, diastolic
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| Systolic refers to ventricular _______________________. | contraction
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| Diastolic refers to ventricular ______________________. | relaxation
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| The ____________________ ____________ is a clump of cardiac tissue that generates action potentials which cause atrial contraction. | sinoatrial node
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| The __________________ __________ is a clump of cardiac tissue that generates action potentials which cause ventricular contraction. | atrioventricular node
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| The sinoatrial node is also called this. | pacemaker
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| Blood pressure is lower in these types of blood vessels. | veins
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| Viscosity | The resistance to flow and alteration of shape due to cohesion
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| Plasma | The fluid portion of blood, which is mostly water
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| Formed elements of blood | The cells and cell parts of blood produced by the bone marrow
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| Erythrocytes | Red blood cells which carry the oxygen in blood
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| Leukocytes | White blood cells which perform various defensive functions in blood
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| Platelets | Cell fragments in blood which help prevent blood loss
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| Diapedesis | Passage of any formed element of blood
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| Chemotaxis | Attraction of cells to chemical simuli
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| Hemopoiesis | The process by which the formed elements of blood are made in the body
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| Hemostasis | The process by which the body stops blood loss
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| Coagulation factors | Proteins in blood plasma which help initiate the blood coagulation process
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| Antigen | A protein or carbohydrate that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody
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| Arteries | Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
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| Capillaries | Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and cells
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| Veins | Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
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| Pulmonary circulation | Circulation of the blood over the air sacs of the lungs
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| Systemic circulation | Circulation of the blood through the other tissues of the body
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| Systolic phase | The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract
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| Diastolic phase | The phase of the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles relax
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| Cardiac cycle | One complete round of systole and diastole
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| Arterioles | The smallest arteries that still have tunics
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| Venules | Small veins that do not have three tunics but instead have only an endothelium, a basement membrane, and a few smooth muscle cells
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