Ch.6 Muscle
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| Muscle Cells | Muscle Fibers
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| ability for the muscle to shorten with force | Contractility
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| capability of skeletal muscle to respond to the stimulus | excitability
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| ability to be stretched | extensibility
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| ability to recoil | elasticity
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| thin miyofilaments | actin miyofilaments
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| thick miyofilaments | myosin miyofilaments
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| connective tissue located outside the perymysium | facia
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| loose connective tissue surrounding the muscle fasciculi | perimysium
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| connective tissue sheath surrounding the muscle fibers | endomysium
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| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons
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| each brand that connects to the muscle | neuromusclular junction
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| a single motor neuron | motor unit
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| buttocks | gluteus maximus
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| chest muscle | pectoral muscle
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| Anterior thigh muscle | Quadriceps femoris
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| Posterior thigh muscle | Hamstrings
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| Back muscle | Latissimus Dorsi
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| sliding of actin myofilaments | sliding filament mechanism
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| contraction of an entire muscle | muscle twitch
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| a level that a muscle will not respond | threshold
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| a time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron | lag phase
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| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen
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| aerobic respiration | with oxygen
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| muscle tone | constant tension in the muscles
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| Fast twitch fibers | contract and fatigue quickly
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| slow twitch fibers | contract mores slowly and fatique less
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| origin | most stationary end of the muscle
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| insertion | end of muscle with most movement
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| belly | portion of muscle between the origin and insertion
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| synergists | muscles that work together
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| antagonists | muscles that work in opposition of each other
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| occipitofrontalis | raises the evebrows
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| orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids
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| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips
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| buccinator | flattens the cheeks
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| zygomaticus | smiling muscle
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| levator labii superioris | sneering
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| depressor anguli oris | frowning
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| mastication | chewing
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| sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover
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| thoracic muscles | muscles that move the thorax
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| trapezius | rotates scapula
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| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly
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| pectoris major | adducts and flexes the arm
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| deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula
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| triceps brachii | extends the forearm
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| biceps brachii | flexes the forearm
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| brachialis | flexes forearm
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| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist
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| extensor carpi | extends the wrist
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| flexor digitorum | extends the fingers
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| quadriceps femoris | extends the leg
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| recruitment | the increase in motor units
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| fibers | single muscle cells
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| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments
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| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments
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| sarcomeres | actin and myofilaments form highly units
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| action potential | the brief reversal back of the charge
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| resting membrane potential | the charge distance arcross the membrane
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| synapse | each brand that connects the muscle fibers
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| presynaptic | the enlarge nerve terminal
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| synaptic left | the space between the pre synaptic terminal and muscle fiber
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| synaptic vescicles | each presynaptic terminal
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| acetylcholine | a secrete neurotransmitter
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| dorsiflexion | up and down movements
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| inversion | special movements of the foot
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| supination | turning backward
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| opposition | in the palm of the hand
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| parallel | the length of the fascicles
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| fusiform | modification of the parallel arrangment
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| pennate | short fascicles attach obliquely to a central tendon
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| endurance | type of exercise
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| lactic acid | acid generated during glycosis
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| isotonic contractions | tension
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| creatine phosphate | high energy molecule
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| anaerobic glycosis | the intial steps of glucose
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| cross bridges | myosin heads
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| sarcoplasmic reticulum | specialized endoplasmic reticulum
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| neuromuscular | junctions with sarcolemna
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| striated muscle | skeletal muscle
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| tendons | epimysium blend
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| aponeuroses | sheetlike
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| voluntary muscle | only muscle type subject to conscious control
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