anatomy of heart, conduction system, properties of myocardial cells
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| Where is the heart located? | media stinum
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| 2/3 of the heart on the ________ side; 1/3 of the heart on the __________ side. | Left, Right
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| The base of heart is made up of ___________ called ______ and ____________. | Vessels; aorta and apex
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| Four chambers of the heart | R/L atrium; R/L ventricle
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| Apex is made up of | L ventricle
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| APical pulse | 5th intercostal rib
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| Atria | Receive blood from lungs and body
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| Ventricles | Pump blood to lungs and body
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| Which artery is only one w/ deoxygenated blood? | Pulmonary Artery
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| Valves purpose is to | Prevent back flow
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| The common wall between right and left side of the heart | Septum
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| What type of blood is found on right side of the heart? | Deoxygenated
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| What type of blood is in left side of the heart? | Oxygenated
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| What is the function of the coronary arteries? | Supply blood to the heart muscle
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| Condition where lack of blood supply, partially blocked and considered an injury is | Ischema
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| Complete lack of blood supply to the heart | Myocardial Infarction
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| What causes heart sounds? | The opening and closing of the valves
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| Myocardium | Middle muscular of the heart, most important
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| Endocardium | Innermost layer of the sac lining the heart surface w thin tight covering (visceral pericardium)
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| Pericardium | Double walled membranous sac; parietal peri. Fluid between layers protects
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| Layer responsible for contraction and relaxation action of the heart | Myocardium
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| Layer that lines the vessels, valves and ventricles | Endocardium
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| Tricuspid valve is located | Between R atrium and R ventricle
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| Bicuspid Vale aka Mitral is located | Between L atrium and L ventricle
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| Pulmonary Semilunar Valve is located | Between R ventricle and pulmonary artery
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| Aortic Semilunar Valve is located | Between aorta and L Ventricle
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| The system of the heart is called | Conduction system
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| Primary pacemaker of the heart that sets speed and rhythm, located upper side of R atrium | SA Node
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| HR below 60 | Bradycardia
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| HR above 100 | Tachycardia
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| Starts working when SA node stops; aka gatekeeper | AV Node
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| Small fibers located in ventricular walls | Purkinjie Fibers
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| NOrmal inherent rate of SA Node | 60-100 BPM
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| Inherent rate of AV Node | 40-60 BPM
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| Inherent rate of Purkinjie fibers | 20-40 BPM
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| How the impulses travel through the heart is called the | Conduction pathway
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| How long is the delay when impulse reaches AV node | 1/10 of a second
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| Responsible for conduction system | Electrical cells
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| Responsible for contraction and relaxation | Mechanical cells
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| Ability of myo.card cells to generate and maintain heart rhythm w/o external stimuli | Automaticity
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| Ability of myo.card. Cells to respond to an impulse | Excitability
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| Ability of myocard cells to respond to an impulse by pumping action | Contract ability
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| Ability of my.card cells to relay an impulse to neighboring cells | Conductivity
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| The junction all escape rhythm | AV node
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| Idioventrial rhythm | Purkinjie fibers
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| Difference of the charge across the cell membrane results in depolarization and depolarization | Action potential
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| Polarization | Resting state of myocardial cells
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| Depolarization | The electrical current state ions move across cell membrane more positive inside. Results in contraction of cell
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| Repolarization | Ions return back to their original charge, results in relaxation of the cell
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| SA node is working it is called | NOrmal Sinus rhythm (NSR)
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| SA fails and AV or PF take over it is called | Escape Rhythm
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| fluid within sac of pericardium | pericadial fluid
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| heart contracts in which phase? | systole
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| heart rests in which phase? | diastole
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| SA node is located | upper side of R atrium
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| largest veins in body are | Superior Venacava
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| two upper chambers are __________________ and function as ______________ chambers | R & L atrium; receiving
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| two lower chambers are called _______________ and function as _________________ chambers | ventricles; pumping
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| outer layer of heart | epicardium
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| heart has how many layers? | 3
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