A&P Chapter 6 Dr.Cutler
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| What is the Skeletal System? | Framework of bones, cartilages, ligaments
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| What is Osteology? | Study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders
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| What are the functions of the Skeletal System? | Support, Protection, Movement, Mineral Homeostasis, Hemopoiesis, Storage of Fat
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| What are the 7 Bone Structures? | Epiphysis, Metaphysis (growth plate), Diaphysis, Articular Cartilage, Periosteum, Medullary Cavity, Endosteum
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| What is the epiphysis? | Either end of a long bone
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| What is the metaphysis? | The Diaphysis and Epiphysis meeting point (growth plate)
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| What is the diaphysis? | The Shaft/body of a long bone
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| What is the Articular Cartilage? | Hyaline cartilage covering epiphyses (reduces friction)
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| What is the Periosteum? | Tough CT covering outside of bone (Sharpey's perforating fibers)
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| What is the Medullary Cavity? | Cavity containing fat/yellow marrow and blood vessels. Makes bones lighter
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| What is the Endosteum? | Membranous inner lining of medullary cavity
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| Where are the mineral salts deposited into? | Deposited in extracellular matrix
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| What is Calcification? | Hardness of bone
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| What helps with flexibility of the bones? | Collagen Fibers
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| What do Osteoclasts do? | Breaks bone down to release minerals
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| What are the 3 Types of Bone Cells? | Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Osteoclasts
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| What kind of cells are Osteoblasts? | Young, immature cells
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| What kind of cells are Osteocytes? | Matue bone cells, hardens bone
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| What do Osteoclasts do? | Breaks bone down to release calcium
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| What is a Compact Bone? | Dense along diaphysis, thin at epiphysis. Protects and supports. (outer layer of bone)
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| What kind of bone makes up 80% of skeleton, contains Osteon, Central Canal and concentric lamellae ? | Compact (Cortical) Bone
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| What are lacunae? | "Little Lakes" for osteocytes
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| What are canaliculi? | "Small Channels"; Osteocytes breathe/eat/connect
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| What is a Spongy Bone? | Lightweight and provides tissue support (inside of bone)
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| What makes up 20% of skeleton, NO Osteon, Inside Bone? | Spongy (Trabecular) Bone
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| What are trabeculae? | "Little Beams"; Contains red and yellow marrow
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| What are Epiphyseal Lines? | Where the Long Bone stops growing (after puberty)
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| What are the phases of Bone Repair during a fracture? | Reactive, Reparative, Remodeling (Fear, Fix, Finish)
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| What are the types of Fractures? | Open, Comminuted, Greenstick, Impacted, Potts, and Colles
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| What does calcium homeostasis do? | Calcium Regulation
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| What does Calcitonin do? | Puts the bone in
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| What does PTH do? | Takes the bone out
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| What is Osteopenia? | Thinner and weaker bones, between ages 30-40
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| What is Osteoporosis? | Severe bone loss
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| What is a Fossa? | Shallow, depression
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| What is a Condyle? | Rounded projection
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| What is an Epicondyle? | Raised area above a condyle
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| What is a Head? | Bony expansion on a narrow neck
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| What is a Trochanter? | Large, blunt and irregular surface
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| What is a Tuberosity? | Rounded projection
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| What is a Process? | Any bony prominence
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| What is a Crest? | Narrow, prominent ridge of bone
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| What is a Line? | Narrow ridge of bone
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| What is a Fovea? | Small pit like indent
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| What is a Tubercle? | Small rounded projection
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| What is a Ramus? | Arm like bar of bone
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| What is a Spine? | Sharp, slender projection
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| What is a Foramen? | Round or oval opening through a bone
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| What is a Fissure? | Narrow, slitlike opening
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| What is a Meatus? | Canal-like passageway
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| What is a Sinus? | Space within a bone
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