Art Test #4
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| Renaissance | "Rebirth", 1400 A. D. - 1600 A. D., intense artistic activity throughout Europe, fueled by a renewed interest in the ancient Romans and Greeks, and science/math
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| Medici | A powerful family in Florence, great patrons of the arts during the Renaissance
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| Filippo Brunelleschi | Designed the dome of the Cathedral of Florence, two shells, linked with ribs and one supports the other
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| Lorenzo Ghiberti | Designed and sculpted the doors of the baptistery of Florence, competed against Brunellschi, 21, took more than 20 years, made of bronze, covered in gold, 28 panels that tell stories from the New Testament
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| Donatello | Florentine sculptor who used contraposto to suggest action, statue of David
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| Statue of David | First life-size, freestanding nude statue since ancient times, represents David's victory over Goliath as a symbolic of Christ's victory over sin and death also of the victory of the small and self-sufficient over brute force of larger opponents
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| Masaccio | Painted Tribute Money
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| Tribute Money | A fresco in the church of Santa Maria del Carmine, Peter paying a tax collector, early example of the use of linear and atmospheric perspecitve
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| Fresco | A painting on wet plaster
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| Linear Perspective | A system of drawing or painting to give the illusion of depth on a flat surface, all parallel lines receding into the distance are drawn to one or more vanishing points on the horizon
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| Atmospheric Perspective (Aerial Perspective) | A method of creating the illusion of distance by representing objects further away with less detail and less colorful
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| Fra Angelico | Florentine master of landscape painting, Adoration of the Magi (tondo)
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| Tondo | A painting round in shape
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| Sandro Botticelli (What did he paint?) | The Birth of Venus, based on mythology, Venus (goddess of love) rises from the sea in a shell
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| Andrea Mantegna (Painting/technique) | Dead Christ, uses extreme foreshortening
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| Foreshortening | Drawing or painting an object/person that's not parallel to the picture plane so it seems to recede in space, looking like it's 3-D, parts get smaller as the recede into space
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| Leonardo da Vinci | "Renaissance Man", knowledgeable/talented in many areas, left 10,000 pages of notes
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| Sfumato | Partly obscured by a light haze
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| Chiaroscuro | An extreme contrast of dark and light values
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| Michelangelo Buonarroti | "The greatest man ever known to the arts", Pieta (Rome, 1500, Mary holds Jesus, carved from single block of marble), concerned with overall appearance/visual effect of pyramidal composition rather than proportions,
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| The Last Supper | Santa Maria della Grazie in Milan, Christ and the apostles are celebrating Passover and Christ is gesturing "one of you will betray me", long-term restoration bc painting and dry plaster with oil and tempera caused it to peel
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| The Mona Lisa | The world's most famous portrait, hills and mountains are partially obscured by a light haze and is an example of chiatroscuro
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| Michelangelo Buonarroti | Considered by some "the greatest man ever to know the arts"
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| The Last Supper | Painted by Leonardo da Vinci, located in Santa Maria della Grazie, being restored bc oil and water started to peel
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| Mona Lisa | Painted by Leonardo da Vinci, uses sfumato and chiaroscuro
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| Pieta | Done by Mikey in Rome in 1500, Mary holds Christ in her lap, concerned with appearance/visual effect rather than exact proportions, carved from a single block of marble, signed it on band across Mary's chest
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| David (Mikey) | Marble, holding sling shot, more muscular than Donatello's bronze version, copy in piazza (Florence), original in Academia (Florence)
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| Dome of St. Peter's (Rome) | Largest dome in the world
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| Sistine Chapel | Took 4 years and 5 months, contains Old Testament scenes, started to be restored in 1979 (400 years after completion) and took 10 years
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| The School of Athens | Painted by Raphael, fresco, shows Greek masters of classics: Plato, Aristotle, Socrates, Pythagoras, Euclid, Michelangelo, Leonardo, and Raphael himself
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| Titian | Artistic giant from Venice
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| Filippo Brunelleschi | Dome of the Cathedral of Florence
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| Lorenzo Ghiberti | Doors of the Baptistery of Florence
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| Donatello | Bronze David
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| Masaccio | Tribute money painting
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| Fra Angelico | Adoration of the Magi
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| Sandro Botticelli | The birth of Venus
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| Andrea Mantegna | Dead Christ
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| Leonardo Da Vinci | The Last Supper and Mona Lisa
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| Michelangelo Buonarroti | Pieta, David (marble), dome of St. Peter's Basilica, Sistine Chapel
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| Raphael Sanzio | School of Athens
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