Anatomy exam II Inguinal area, hernias and peritoneal cavity
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| The _____ develop in the extraperitoneal fatty layer (layer 9) of the lumbar area in the posterior abdominal wall, anterior and inferior to the developing kidneys | primordial testes
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| The _____, a fibromuscular band, plays a major role in the testes "descent" due to a combo of growth processes and hormonal influences | gubernaculum testis
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| An evagination of the peritoneum, _____, accompanies the testes in their descent | processus vaginalis
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| Undescended testes, _____, leads to an increase in the incidence of _____ | crytorchidism; testicular cancer
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| What are the 4 compnents for the external oblique muscles? | 1. inguinal ligament 2. lacunar ligament 3. superficial inguinal ligmanet 4. external spermatic fascia
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| What are the 2 components of the internal oblique muscles? | cremaster muscle; conjoint tendon
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| The _____ is a fused tendon of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles | conjoint tendon
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| The conjoint tendon forms _____ wall of medial half of inguinal canal and _____ inguinal ring | posterior; superficial
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| The continuous layer of fascia lining the abdominal cavity deep to the transversus abdominis muscle is called the ______ | transversalis fascia
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| The transversalis fascia is directly in contact with the rectus abdominis below the _____ | arcuate line
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| The ____ is a slit-like passageway formed during testicular descent, ~4 cm long, closed at birth | inguinal canal
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| The external oblique aponeurosis and internal oblique muscle make up the ____ of the inguinal canal | anterior wall
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| The transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon make up the _____ of the inguinal canal | posterior wall
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| The transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles make up the _____ of the inguinal canal | roof
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| The inguinal and lacunar ligaments make up the _____ of the inguinal canal | floor
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| The 3 parts of the superficial inguinal ligament are ____ | 1. opening in external oblique muscle 2. adjacent to pubic tubercle 3. posterior wall is conjoint tendon
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| What are the 2 parts of the deep inguinal ring? | 1. opening in transversalis fascia 2. lateral to inferior epigastric vessles
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| What are the 3 components of the inguinal triangle (Hesselbach's triangle)? | 1. inferior epigastric vessels 2. inguinal ligament 3. lateral border of the rectus abdominus muscle
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| The spermatic cord is found in males and the _____ is found in females | round ligament of the uterus
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| The ilioinguinal nerve (L1) passes thru canal and exits the ____ ring but does not enter the ____ | superficial ring; deep ring
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| What are the 3 covering laters of the spermatic cord? | 1. external spermatic fascia 2. cremateric muscle/fascia 3. internal spermatic fascia
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| A _____ is a protrusion of part of abdominal contents beyond the normal confines of the abdominal wall | hernia
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| What is the most common type of hernia? | inguinal
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| ____ hernais are mainly in obese patients and the linea alba is very thin becasue of stretching | femoral
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| The ____ hernia laterally borders the rectus abdominus | spigelian
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| The ____ hernia separates the rectus abdominus muscle | epigastric
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| What are the 8 types of hernias? | 1. inguinal 2. femoral 3. umbilical 4. spigelian 5. epigastic 6. lumbar 7. incisional 8. internal
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| _____ _____ hernia is more common in old mes with weak abdominal muscles | direct inguinal
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| The direct inguinal hernia forms in the inguinal ____ | triangle
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| The ____ ____ hernia is the most common form of inguinal hernias; more in men | indirect inguinal
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| What 3 elements make up the lesser sac/omental bursa? | 1. epiploic foramen 2. omemtal foramen 3. foramen of Winslow
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| What 4 elements make up the greater sac? | 1. subphrenic spaces 2. hepatorenal recess 3. paracolic gutters 4. paravertebral gutters
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| What is the function of the omental or epiploic foramen? | communication between the greater and lesser sacs
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| The ____ is between the visceral surface of the liver and right kidney | hepatorenal recess
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| Hepatorenal recess is also known as _____ | Morrison's pouch
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| ____ may be hte site of abnormal fluid accumulation in a bedridden patient | hepatorenal recess
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| What are the 9 components of the intraperitoneal? | 1. stomach 2. duodenum (1st) 3. jejunum/ileum 4. appendix 5. cecum 6. transverse colon 7. sigmond colon 8. liver/gall bladder 9. spleen
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| What are the 9 components of the retroperitoneal? | 1. duodenum (rest) 2. ascending colon 3. descending colon 4. rectum 5. pancreas 6. kidneys/adrenals 7. ureters 8. major blood vessels 9. aorta/IVC
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| What are the 3 peritoneal derivatives? | 1. mesentary 2. omentum 3. peritoneal ligaments and folds
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| What are the 3 peritoneal folds associated with the anterior abdominal wall? | 1. median umbilical fold 2. medial umbilical fold 3. lateral umbilical fold
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| Within the median umbilical fold contains the median umbilical ligament which is a remnant of _____ | fetal allantosis
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| The median umbilical fold is where fetal ____ occur | transfusions
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