Quick & Easy MT Ch 5 Organization of the Body
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| Muscular System | Makes movement possible
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| Skeletal System | Provides protection; form and shape for the body, stores minerals and forms some blood cells
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| Cardiovascular System | Delivers oxygen, nutrients, and vital substances throughout the body; transports cellular waste products to the lungs and kidneys for excretion
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| Lymphatic System | helps maintain the internal fluid environment; produces some types of blood cells; regulates immunity
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| Respiratory System | Brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide and some water waste
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| Digestive System | Provides the body with water, nutrients and minerals; removes solid wastes
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| Urinary System | Filters blood to remove wastes of cellular metabolism; maintains the electrolyte and fluid balance
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| Reproductive system | Facilitates procreation
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| Integumentary system | Provides external covering for protections; regulates the body temperature and water content
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| Nervous system | Coordinates the reception of stimuli; transmits messages to stimulate movement
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| Endocrine system | Secretes hormones and helps regulate body activities
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| anter/o | nearer to or toward the front; ventral
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| poster/o | nearer to or toward the back; situated behind
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| ventr/o | belly side; same as anterior surface in human beings
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| dors/o | directed toward or situated on the back side; same as posterior surface in human beings
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| medi/o | middle or nearer the middle
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| later/o | toward the side; denoting a position farther from the midline of the body or from a structure
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| super/o | uppermost or above
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| infer/o | lowermost or below
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| proxim/o | nearer the origin or point of attachment
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| dist/o | far or distant from the origin or point of attachment
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| cephal/o | toward the head
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| caud/o | toward the tail or in an inferior direction in human beings
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| abdomin/o | abdomen
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| acr/o | extremities (arms and legs)
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| cyst/o | cyst, bladder or sac
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| dactyl/o | digit (toes, fingers)
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| lapar/o | abdominal wall
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| omphal/o | umbilicus (navel)
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| onych/o | nail
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| pelv/i | pelvis
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| periton/o | peritoneum
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| som/a | body
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| somat/o | body
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| thorac/o | chest (thorax)
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| RUQ | Right Upper Quadrant
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| RLQ | Right Lower Quadrant
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| LLQ | Left Lower Quadrant
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| LUQ | Left Upper Quadrant
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| crin/o | secrete
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| -crine | secrete
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| dacry/o | tear, tearing, crying
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| lacrim/o | tear, tearing, crying
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| -emia | condition of the blood
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| hem/o | blood
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| hemat/o | blood
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| hidr/o | sweat or perspiration
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| lymph/o | lymph
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| muc/o | mucus
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| -poiesis | production
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| -poietin | substance that causes production
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| py/o | pus
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| sial/o | saliva
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| ur/o | urine
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| Hematoma | localized collection of blood (bruise)
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| hemolysis | destruction of red blood cells
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| hemodialysis | diffusing blood through a semipermeable membrane to remove toxic materials (for people with impaired kidney function)
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| coagulation | blood clotting when removed from body
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| anticoagulant | substance that prevents coagulation (forming blood clots)
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| Thrombosis | formation of internal blood clots
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| thrombocytes | platelets
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| erythrocytes | red blood cells
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| leukocytes | white blood cells
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| antigen | substance that is capable of inducing a specific immune response
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| antibodies | the immune response brought about by an antigen
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| Susceptibility | lack of resistance or protection from infectious organisms
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| Immunization | process by which resistance to an infectious disease is induced or augmented
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| Active immunity | individual's own body produces and immune response to a harmful antigen
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| Passive immunity | immune agents response develop in another person or animal and then are transferred to an individual who was not previously immune (borrowed immunity - effective for a short time)
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| Vaccination | any injection or ingestion of inactivated or killed microbes or their products that is administered to induce immunity
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| immunocompromised | immune response that has been weakened by a disease or immunosuppressive agent (drugs, radiation)
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| Allergies | body reacts with an exaggerated immune response to common, harmless substances, most of which are found in the environment
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| anaphylaxis | exaggerated, life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions t oa previously encountered antigen
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| benign | favorable for recovery, not having a tendency to spread (not cancer)
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| Malignant | tending to grow worse, to spread, and possibly become life threatening (cancer).
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| metastases | spreading from one part of the body to another part
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| Bioterrorism | use of pathogenic biological agents to cause terror in a population
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