The Legislature Branch
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| constituents | the people who live within the particular geographic area a member of Congress represents
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| apportionment | the distribution of House seats among the states based on population
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| appropriation | a bill that sets aside funds for a specific purpose
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| impeachment | when Congress charges an official in the executive or judicial branch with wrongdoing and brings them to trial
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| oversight | when Congress uses its broad powers to review how the executive branch is operating and to make sure it is following the laws Congress has passed
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| necessary and proper clause | another name for the implied powers. another name for the implied powers is also elastic clause
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| indirect tax | a tax levied on one person but passed on to another for payment to the government
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| direct tax | a tax an individual pays directly to the government
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| deficit | when the federal government is not generating enough income to meet its expenses
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| commerce clause | the federal government's ability to regulate(control) interstate commerce
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| subpoenas | legal document that requires a person to testify in a certain matter
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| writ of habeas corpus | a count order that forces the police to present a person a court to face charges, except in cases of rebellion or invasion
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| bill of attainder | a law that punishes a person without a trial
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| ex post facto laws | laws that criminal an action that took place in the past and was legal at the time
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| reapportionment | the process in which seats are redistributed among states based on the results of the census
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| gerrymandering | the practice of drawing district boundaries for political advantages
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| speaker of the House | the most powerful member and the presiding office of the House of Represntatives
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| bills | proposed laws
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| floor leader | elected member of the majority or minority party who helps manage the action and strategy of the party in the House of Representatives
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| whips | elected members of the majority or minority party who encourage fellow party members to vote as the party leadership wants
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| party caucus | a meeting of all the House of Representatives members from a particular party
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| standing committees | permanent committees in the House of Representatives
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| select committees | committees, typically temporary, that carry out specific tasks not already covered by existing committees
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| joint committees | committees formed with Senate members that address broad issues affecting both chmabers
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| president of the Senate | position assigned to the vice president of the United States by the Constitution that allows the vice president to preside over debates and break tied votes
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| president pro tempore | the person who presides over the Senate in the absence of the president of the Senate
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| Senate majority leader | the most powerful position in the Senate, elected by the majority's party caucus
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| seniority rule | tradition that says the most senior majority senator on a committee becomes the committee chair
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| filibuster | when opponents of a measure take control of the Senate floor and refuse to stop talking in an effort to prevent the measure from coming up for a vote
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| closture | an end to debate
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| rider | a provision attached to a bill that bears little relationship to the bill's main topic
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| joint resolution | Congressional action used in certain unusual circumstances that follow the same procedures as a bill and has the force of law if passed by both houses and signed by the president
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| concurrent resolution | Congressional action without the for force of law that are passed by both houses to address matters that affect the operations of both chambers
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| discharge position | a document that a majority of House members sign to force a bill out of committee
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| committee of the Whole | when all House members become members of a single committee to allow the House to function when many members are at hearings or are otherwise absent
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| quorum | the number needed to legally conduct business
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| roll-call vote | a vote in which each member is required to publicly state his or her vote, also known as a record vote
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| conference committee | a committee formed when the House and Senate must reconcile different versions of the same bill
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| pocket veto | an indirect veto that takes place when the president does not sign a bill within 10 days, during which time Congress adjourns
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Created by:
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