Information from the Introduction to Anatomy/Physiology Unit
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| Metabolism | All the chemical operations that occur in the body
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| Respiration | A term referring to the absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells
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| Structure | Relates to the study of anatomy
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| Function | Relates to the science of physiology
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| Cytology | The microscopic anatomy concerning the internal structure of cells
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| Histology | The specialized science that involves the study and examination of tissues
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| Levels of Organization (Smallest to Largest) | Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
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| Levels of Organization (Largest to Smallest) | Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical
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| Cells | The smallest living units in the human body
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| Atoms | The smallest stable units of matter
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| Endocrine System | Directing long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems
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| Cardiovascular System | Transporting cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases
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| Integumentary System | The organ system responsible for protection from environmental hazards and involved in temperature control
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| Homeostasis | Existence of a stable internal environment
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| Stimulus | Activate the mechanisms that control homeostasis
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| Negative Feedback | The regulatory mechanism that occurs when a variation outside of normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation
Thermoregulation is controlled by negative feedback
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| Positive Feedback | The mechanism where the initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus
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| Thoracic Body Cavity | Contains the pleural and pericardial cavities
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| Ventral Body Cavity | Divided into a superior thoracic cavity and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity
Organs within the ventral body cavity make up the viscera
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| Peritoneum | Serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity
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| Diaphragm | Separates the abdominopelvic cavity from the pleural cavity
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| Homeostatic Regulation | Involves a receptor, a control center, and an effector
Failure of homeostatic regulation results in disease
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| Cephalic | Refers to head region
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| Mediastinum | Stabilizes the pericardial cavity
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| Parietal | Forms outer wall of body cavity
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| Viscera | Internal organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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