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Intro to Anat/Phys
Information from the Introduction to Anatomy/Physiology Unit
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metabolism | All the chemical operations that occur in the body |
| Respiration | A term referring to the absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells |
| Structure | Relates to the study of anatomy |
| Function | Relates to the science of physiology |
| Cytology | The microscopic anatomy concerning the internal structure of cells |
| Histology | The specialized science that involves the study and examination of tissues |
| Levels of Organization (Smallest to Largest) | Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
| Levels of Organization (Largest to Smallest) | Organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cellular, chemical |
| Cells | The smallest living units in the human body |
| Atoms | The smallest stable units of matter |
| Endocrine System | Directing long-term changes in the activities of other organ systems |
| Cardiovascular System | Transporting cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases |
| Integumentary System | The organ system responsible for protection from environmental hazards and involved in temperature control |
| Homeostasis | Existence of a stable internal environment |
| Stimulus | Activate the mechanisms that control homeostasis |
| Negative Feedback | The regulatory mechanism that occurs when a variation outside of normal limits triggers an automatic response that corrects the situation Thermoregulation is controlled by negative feedback |
| Positive Feedback | The mechanism where the initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus |
| Thoracic Body Cavity | Contains the pleural and pericardial cavities |
| Ventral Body Cavity | Divided into a superior thoracic cavity and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity Organs within the ventral body cavity make up the viscera |
| Peritoneum | Serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity |
| Diaphragm | Separates the abdominopelvic cavity from the pleural cavity |
| Homeostatic Regulation | Involves a receptor, a control center, and an effector Failure of homeostatic regulation results in disease |
| Cephalic | Refers to head region |
| Mediastinum | Stabilizes the pericardial cavity |
| Parietal | Forms outer wall of body cavity |
| Viscera | Internal organs in thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
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