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Industrial Revolution/ Gilded Age

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Term
Definition
Gilded   show
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show Mark Twain's description of cities during the Industrial Age, characterized as a time of wealth but also of greed and corruption.  
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John D. Rockefeller   show
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show Invented the first useable light bulb, phonograph, motion picture camera and an electrical power distribution center. Created the first research and development lab at Menlo Park, New Jersey.  
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show Inventor of the telephone (1871); started the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (ATT) with a group of partners.  
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Social Darwinism   show
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Transcontinental Railroad   show
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Patent   show
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show The process for making steel faster and more cheaply by forcing hot air through molten iron. Developed by Henry Bessemer. Led to building skyscrapers and bridges.  
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Mass Production   show
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Samuel Morse   show
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Monopoly   show
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Cartel   show
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Vertical Integration (Consolidation)   show
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show Used by Rockefeller; owning most or all businesses in an industry.  
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Trust   show
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show Law that made it illegal to hinder or harm free trade (first law that would regulate industry); made trusts illegal.  
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Robber Barons   show
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Captains of Industry   show
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show Steel tycoon; wrote "Gospel of Wealth"; built libraries.  
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Sweatshop   show
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show Economic and political philosophy that favors public ownership of property and income; wealth should be distributed equally throughout society (tax wealthy give to poor)  
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Collective Bargaining   show
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Haymarket Riot   show
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Knights of Labor   show
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American Federation of Labor   show
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Compromise of 1877   show
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Productivity   show
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show Started an oil boom in Titusville, PA, that spread to Kentucky, Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, and Texas when he successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil.  
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Oligopoly   show
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Economies of Scale   show
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show Andrew Carnegie's belief that the wealthy should use their money to benefit society.  
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Piecework   show
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show The assignment of different parts of a manufacturing process or task to different people in order to improve efficiency.  
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Open Shops   show
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show Union which included skilled workers from one or more trades.  
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Industrial Unions   show
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show Strike breaker  
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show Someone who believes no government rules or laws to control people; absolute freedom for the individual.  
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show Strike of steel workers at Carnegie's Homestead plant after a plan to cut wages.  
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show A strike against the Pullman Palace Car Company that also led to an ARU railroad strike.  
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Wobbies   show
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show President of the AFL  
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George Westinghouse   show
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Mary Harris Jones   show
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Granville Woods   show
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Industrial Revolution   show
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show Economic system in which individuals, rather than government, own the factors of production and profits go to the owners.  
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show Perfected by Henry Ford to build automobiles, this process allows unskilled workers to complete one step of the manufacturing process.  
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Capital   show
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Strike   show
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Eugene V. Debs   show
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Northern and Western European Protestants   show
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Southern and Eastern Europeans (Catholic and Jewish)   show
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show Buildings greater than 10 stories; made possible because of Bessemer Process, elevators and central air systems.  
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show Identical components (pieces) that could be used in place of one another; led to assembly line and mass production.  
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show Received patent for the first automobile.  
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Henry Ford   show
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show These men were responsible for first sustainable flight.  
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Causes of Rapid Industrialization   show
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Ways Railroad Revolutionized Business   show
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Textiles   show
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show wrote "The Communist Manifesto"  
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show An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.  
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National Trade Workers Union   show
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The Pinkertons   show
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Open Door Policy   show
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Pendleton Act   show
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show High tariff designed to protect American businesses from foreign competition.  
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show Lower tariff that provided revenue to the federal government, not protection for business.  
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show Illinois passed a law that regulated prices railroads could charge to store grain being shipped. Supreme Court upheld the law by ruling that states could regulate a private business (located within a state) in the public interest.  
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Tools of Management   show
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show boycotts, sympathy demonstrations, informational picketing, closed shops, organized strikes, "wildcat" strikes  
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