Diagnostic, Symptomatic, and Related Terms
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| aneurysm | Localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery
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| arrest | Condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop
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| cardiac | Loss of effective cardiac function, which results in cessation of circulation
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| circulatory | Cessation of the circulation of blood due to ventricular standstill or fibrillation
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| arrhythmia | Inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or “skipping” a beat; also called dysrhythmia
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| bruit | Soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibrations associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called murmur
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| cardiomyopathy | Any disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
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| catheter | Thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure
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| coarctation | Narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta
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| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) thromb: blood clot | Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thighs
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| ejection fraction (EF) | Calculation of how much blood a ventricle can eject with one contraction
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| heart failure (HF) | Failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs
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| embolus embol: embolus (plug) | Mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, air, gas, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel
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| fibrillation | Quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart,
causing ineffectual contractions
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| hemostasis | Arrest of bleeding or circulation
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| hyperlipidemia lipid: fat | Excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides) in the blood
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| hypertension (HTN -tension: to stretch | Common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic
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| primary | HTN in which there is no identifiable cause; also called essential
hypertension
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| secondary | HTN that results from an underlying, identifiable, commonly correctable cause
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| hypertensive heart disease | Any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure
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| implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD) | Implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart
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| infarct | Area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply
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| ischemia | Local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory
obstruction
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| mitral valve prolapse (MVP) | Common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation
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| radioisotope | Chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance through the body or a structure
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| palpitation | Sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including “thumping,” “fluttering,” “skipped beats,” or a pounding feeling in the chest
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| patent ductus arteriosus | Failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth, allowing blood to flow from the aorta into the pulmonary (lung) artery
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| perfusion | Circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
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| tetralogy of Fallot | Congenital anomaly consis. of 4 elements: 1 pulmonary artery stenosis; 2 interventricular septal defect; 3 transposition of the aorta, so both ventricles empty into the aorta; 4 right ventricular
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| stent | Slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or
obstructed arteries
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| thrombus | Blood clot that obstructs a vessel
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