Blood, Lymph, and Immune System
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| anaphylaxis | Exaggerated,life-threatening hypersitivity reaction to a previously encountered antigen.
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| antibody | Proteins that are the most inportant weapon of the immune system.
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| antigen | Substance that is recognized as harmful to the host and stimulates the formation of antibodies.
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| celluar immunity | Acquired specific resistance,mediated by T cells,that produces reactive substances or directly exerts a cytotoxic effect on a cell that is identified as harmful.
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| host | Organism in or on which anothe(usually parasitic)organism is nourished and harbored.
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| humoral immunity | Aquired specific resistance(B cells) that produces antibodies that bind to and dispose of antigens.
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| immunocompentent | Able to develop an immune response; able to recognize antigens and respond to them.
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| immunopathology | Study of disease associated with overreactivity or underreacitivity of the immune response.
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| opportunistic infection | Infection occurring in a person with a weakened immune system and caused by a microorganism that normally would not bring about the disease.
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| palliative treatment | Treatment that provides relief, but not a cure.
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| serum | Liquid portion of the blood that remains after the removal of fibrinogen.
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| aden/o | gland
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| agglutin/o | clumping,gluing
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| bas/o | base
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| blast/o | embryonic cell
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| chrom/o | color
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| eosin/o | dawn (rose colored)
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| erythr/o | red
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| granul/o | granule
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| hem/o hemat/o | blood
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| immun/o | immune,immunity,safe
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| kary/o nucle/o | nucleus
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| leuk/o | white
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| lymphaden/o | lymph gland
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| lymph/o | lymph
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| lymphangi/o | lymph vessel
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| morph/o | form,shape,structure
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| myel/o | bone marrow
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| neutr/o | neutral,neither
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| phag/o | swallowing,eating
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| plas/o | formation,growth
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| poikil/o | varied,irregular
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| reticul/o | net,mesh
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| sider/o | iron
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| ser/o | serum
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| splen/o | spleen
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| thromb/o | blood clot
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| thym/o | thymus gland
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| xen/o | foreign,strange
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| -blast | embryonic cell
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| -emia | blood condition
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| -globin | protein
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| -graft | transplantation
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| -osis | abnormal condition,increase (used primarily with blood cells)
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| -penia | decreased,deficiency
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| -phil | attraction for
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| -phoresis | carrying,transmission
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| -phylaxis | protection
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| -poiesis | formation,production
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| -stasis | standing still
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| a- | without,not
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| allo- | other,differing from the normal
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| aniso- | unequal,dissimilar
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| iso- | same,equal
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| macro- | large
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| micro- | small
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| mono- | one
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| poly- | many,much
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| anisocytosis | Condition of marked variation in the size of erythrocytes.
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| ascites | Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal or pleural cavity.
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| bacteremia | Presence of viable bacteria circulating in the bloodstream,considered "travelers"rather than blood infection.
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| hemolysis | Destruction of RBC's with a release of hemoglobin that diffuses into the surrounding fluid.
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| hemostasis | Arrest of bleeding or circulation.
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| immunity | State of being protected against infection.
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| active immunity | Immunity developed as a consequence of exposure to an antigen. (vaccination injection)
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| passive immunity | Immunity in which antibodies formed in one individual are transfered to another.(to infant from mothers milk).
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| lymphadenopathy | Any disease of the lymph nodes.
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| lymphosarcoma | Malignant neoplasm disorder of lymphatic tissue. Non-Hodgkin disease.
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| septicemia | Blood infection
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| serology | Blood test to detect the presence of antibodies,antigens,immune substances.
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| titer | Blood test that measures the amount of antibodies in blood,commonly used as an indicator of immune status.
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| APTT activated partial thromboplastin time | Test that screens for deficiencies of some clotting factors,valuable for preop screening for bleeding tendencies.
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| blood culture | Test to determine the presence of pathogens in the bloodstream.
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| CBC complete blood count | Series of tests that include hemoglobin;hematocrit;RBC,WBC,and platelet counts;differential WBC count;RBC indices; and RBC and WBC morphology.
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| differential count | Test that enumerates the distribution of WBCs in a stained blood smear by counting the different kinds of WBCs and reporting each as a percent of the total examined.
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| ERS (sed rate) erythrocyte sedimentation rate | Measurement of the distance RBCs settle in 1 hour when whole blood is placed in a narrow tube.
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| HgB,Hb hemoglobin | Measurement of the amount of hemoglobin found in a whole blood sample.
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| Hct hematocrit | Measurement of the percentage of packed RBCs in a whole blood sample.
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| monospot | Serlolgical test performed on a blood sample to detect the presence of a nonspecific antibody.
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| PT prothrombin time | Test used to evaluate portions of the coagulation system and indirectly measure prothrombin.
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| RBC indices | Mathematical calculation of the size, volume and concentration of hemoglobin for an average red blood cell.
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| Schilling test | Test used to assess the absorption of radioactive vitamin B12 by the GI system.
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| lymphadenography | Radiographic exam of lymph nodes after injection of a contrast medium.
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| lymphangiography | Radiographic exam of lymph nodes or tissues after injection of contrast medium in the lymph vessels.
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| aspiration | Draw in or out using suction.
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| bone marrow aspiration | Procedure using a syringe with a thin aspirating needle that is inserted (usually the sternum or pelvic bone) to withdrawl a small sample of bone marrow fluid for microscopic evaluation.
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| biopsy | Representative tissue sample removed from a body site for microscopic exam and diagnosis.
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| sentinel node biopsy | Removal of the first lymph node(sentinal node)that receives drainage from cancer-containing areas and the one most likely to contain malignant cells.
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| bone marrow biopsy | Removal of a small core sample of tissue from bone marrow for exam under a microscope.
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| lymphangiectomy | Removal of a lymph vessel
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| transfusion | Injecting of blood or blood components into the bloodstream.
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| autologus transfusion | Transfusion prepared from recipient's own blood.
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| homologous transfusion | Transfusion prepared from another individual whose blood is compatible with that of the recipient.
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| transplation | Grafting of living tissue from its normal position to another site or from one person to another.
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| autologus bone marrow transplation | Harvesting,freezing,and reinfusing the patient's own bone marrow.
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| homologus bone marrow transplation | Transplantation of bone marrow from one individual to another.
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| AB,ab | antibodies
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| ABO | blood groups A,AB,B,and O
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| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
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| ALL | acute lymphocytic leukemia
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| AML | acute myelogenous leukemia
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| APTT | activated partial thromboplastin time
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| baso | basophil (type of WBC)
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| CBC | complete blood count
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| CLL | chronic lymphocytic leukemia
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| CML | chronic myelogenous leukemia
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| diff | differential count (WBCs)
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| EBV | Epstein-Barr virus
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| eos | eosinophil (type of WBC)
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| ESR, sed rate | erythrocyte sedimentation rate; sedimentation rate
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| Hb,Hgb | hemoglobin
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| HCT,Hct | hematocrit
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| HDN | hemolytic disease of the newborn
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| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus
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| Igs | immunoglobulins
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| ITP | idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
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| IV,I.V. | intravemous
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| lymphos | lymphocytes
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| MCH | mean corpuscular hemoglobin;mean cell hemoglobin
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| MCHC | mean cell hemoglobin concentration
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| MCV | mean cell volume
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| mL,ml | milliliters
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| PA | prenicious anemia
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| PCV | packed cell volume
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| poly,PMN,PMNL | polymorphonuclear leukocyte
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| PT | prothrombin time
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| PTT | partial thromboplastin time
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| RBC,rbc | red blood cell,red blood count
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| segs | segmented neutrophils
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| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus
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| WBC,wbc | white blood cell,white blood count
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| graft rejection | Recipient's immune system attacks a transplanted organ or tissue resulting in its distruction.
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| GVHR graft-versus-host reaction | Condition that occurs following bone marrow transplants where the immune cells in the transplanted marrow produce antibodies against the host's tissue.
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| hematoma | Localized accumulation of blood,usually clotted,in an organ,space,or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel.
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| hemoglobinopathy | Any disorder caused by abnormalities in the hemoglobin molecule.
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