test 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| primary function | maintains homeostasis by regulating concentrations of both water and solutes in the blood
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| urinary system disposes what? | metabolic wastes, excess water, excess ions, toxins
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| urinary systems retains what? | proper amount of water, proper concentrations of ions, nutrients, anythings else needed in the blood
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| secondary function | regulates blood pressure within normal range
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| organs of the urinary system | inferior vena cava, kidney, aorta, ureter, uterus, bladder, urethra
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| size of kidney | mass- 150g; size- 12 cm x 6 cm x 3 cm
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| location of kidney | located high in the abdominal cavity; posterior to the peritoneum
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| 4 parts of the kidney | capsule, cortex, medulla, pelvis
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| capsule | external covering of dense irregular connective tissue
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| cortex | outer solid region; consists primarily of convoluted tubules which twist many directions
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| medulla | inner solid region; 8-12 cone shaped masses called renal pyramids, separated by renal columns; consists primarily of loops of henle and collecting ducts all oriented in the same direction
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| pelvis | hollow medial region, extensions = calyces; connects medially with ureter
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| flow of blood in kidney | renal artery->lobar artery->interlobar artery->arcuate artery->interlobular artery->
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| interlobar arteries | in the cortex; send blood through afferent arterioles into groups of capillaries called glomeruli; this is where filtration occurs to begin the formation of urine
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| glomerulus | consists of a group of interconnected capillaries; blood flows through these capillaries, plasma is filtered out, flows through a series of tubes to form urine
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| functions of a nephron | 1) glomerular filtration
2) tubular reabsorption
3) tubular secretion
4) concentration
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| glomerular filtration | creates a plasmalike filtrate of the blood
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| tubular reabsorption | removes useful solutes from the filtrate, returns them to the blood
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| tubular secretion | removes additional wastes from the blood, adds them to the filtrate
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| concentration | removes water from the urine, concentrates wastes
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| hydrostatic pressure | weight of water or blood pressure
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| osmotic pressure | caused by different concentrations of solutes on different sides of a membrane; can cause movement of both solutes and water; solutes diffuse from high concentration to low; water moves from a high concentration of solutes to low
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| filtration | holes of capillary (fenestra) stop anything large than 75 nm but let smaller molecules through; holes in basement membrane stop anything larger than 7nm; spaces between podocytes (filtration slits) stop anything larger than 30 nm
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Created by:
shill14
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