Words and Their Meanings
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| Acute | Having a rapid onset,severe symptoms and a short course.
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| Anuria | The absence of urine.
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| Azotemia | Metabolic wastes in the blood.
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| Bladder | An expandable hollow organ which acts as a temporary reservoir for urine.
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| Bowman's Capsule | Part of the renal corpuscle; surrounds the glomerulus of the nephron.
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| Calculi | Commonly called stones; usually composed of mineral salts.
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| Calyx | The cuplike division of the kidney pelvis (pl.calyces)
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| Catheterization | To insert a catheter into a cavity to remove body fluid.
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| Cystitis | Infalmmation of the bladder.
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| Cystectomy | Excision of the bladder.
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| Cystography | The introduction of dye into the bladder providing visualization of the bladder.
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| Cystoscopy | Visual examination of the bladder.
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| Dialysis | Removal of the products of urine from the blood by passage of the solutes through a membrane.
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| Diuretic | Substance which increases the production of urine.
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| Dysuria | Painful urination.
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| Elimination | To remove, get rid of, exclude; also to pass urine from the bladder or stool from the bowel.
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| Excretion | The process of expelling material from the body.
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| Fistula | An abnormal tube-like passage from a normal cavity or an abscess to a free surface.
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| Frequency | The need to void urine, though usually only a small amount at one time.
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| Glomerulus | The microscopic cluster of capillaries within the Bowman's Capsule of the nephron.
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| GU | Genitourinary
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| Hematuria | Blood in the urine.
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| Hemodialysis | Mechanical removal of waste substances from the blood.
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| Hesitancy | Difficulty in starting a urine stream.
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| Hilum | The recessed area of the kidney where the ureter and blood vessels enter.
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| Hydrocele | The accumulation of serous fluid in a cavity. Excessive amount of normal fluid within the scrotum.
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| Intravenous Pyelography | (IVP) The insertion of a radiopaque material into the vein for the purpose of x-raying the kidneys and ureters.
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| Incontinence | Involuntary discharge of urine. Can be due to obstructive masses.
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| Kidney | Fist-sized organs in the abdominal cavity whose function is to cleanse or purify the blood.
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| Laparoscopy | Visual examination of abdomen, through an incision just below the navel.
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| KUB | Kidney, ureter, bladder. Radiographic exam of kidneys.
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| Lithotriptor | A device that destroys urinary stones with laser technology.
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| Micturition | Voiding.
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| Nephrolith | Kidney stone.
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| Nephrolithiasis | Presence, condition, or formation of a kidney stone.
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| Nephrolysis | Surgical separation of an inflamed kidney from adhesions (scar tissue).
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| Nephron | Microscopic blood filtering units located in the kidney tissue that continually adjust body conditions to add or remove substances from the blood. Functioning unit of the kidney.
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| Nephropexy | Suspension (suturing) of the kidney.
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| Nephrotomography | A study in which several planes of the kidney are visualized.
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| Nocturia | Night urination.
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| Oliguria | Scanty/decreased urination.
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| Peritoneal | Pertaining to the peritoneum (the membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs).
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| Polycystic Kidney Disease | A condition of multiple cysts in the kidneys.
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| Prostatocystalgia | Pain in the prostate and bladder.
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| Prostatectomy | Excision of the prostate.
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| Prostatomy | Incision into the prostate.
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| Ptosis | A drooping or dropping of an organ or part, for example the eyelid or the kidney.
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| Pyelitis | Inflammation of the renal pelvis.
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| Pyelolithotomy | Removal of a stone from the renal pelvis by an incision.
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| Pyuria | Pus in the urine.
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| Renal | Pertaining to the kidney.
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| Renal Artery | Carries waste laden blood to the tubules within the kidney for purification.
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| Renal Pelvis | An enlarged funnel-shaped extension of the ureter.
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| Renal Vein | Structure which carries the blood away from the kidney.
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| Residual | Pertaining to that which is left as a residue.
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| Retention | Inability to void urine which is present in the bladder.
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| Secretion | Separation of certain materials from the blood by the activity of a gland.
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| Stricture | The narrowing of an opening tube, or canal, such as the urethra or esophagus.
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| TUR/TURP | Transurethral resection (of the prostate gland)
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| Uremia | Toxic condition of nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
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| Ureter | A slender tube that transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.
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| Ureterectasis | Dilation of the ureter.
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| Ureterectomy | Removal of a ureter.
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| Ureteropyelostomy | Anastomosis of ureter and renal pelvis.
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| Ureterovesicostomy | Reimplantation of a ureter into the bladder.
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| Urethra | A membranous tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
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| Urethrectomy | Removal of the urethra.
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| Urethritis | Infalmmation of the urethra.
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| Urethropexy | Surgical fixation of the urethra.
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| Urethroplasty | Surgical repair of the urethra.
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| Urethroscopy | Visual examination of the urethra.
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| Urgency | The sudden need to expel urine or stool. Void immediately.
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| Urinalysis | Urine test which provides general information on the health of the body as a whole.
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| Urinary System | Eliminates harmful products in the blood and filters them through urination.
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| Urochrome | Urine colour.
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| Urologist | One who specializes in the study of the urinary system.
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| Varicocele | Swelling and distention of veins of the spermatic cord.
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