Hearing/equilibrium
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| What is the bony labyrinth | Set of tube-like cavities in the temporal bone
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| What is the bony labyrinth filled with | Perilymph
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| What is the membranous labyrinth | Set of membranous tubes containing sensory receptors for hearing and balance
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| What is the membranous labyrinth filled with | Endolymph
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| What is the Vestibular Apparatus function | Equilibrium
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| What is the cochlea's function | Auditory
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| How many semi-circular ducts/canals are there | 3: Anterior, posterior, lateral
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| What consists of the semi-circular canals | Bony labyrinth
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| What consists of the semi-circular ducts | Membranous labyrinth
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| What is the ampulla | Dilated sac at the base of each duct
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| What does the ampulla open into | Utricle
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| What is the Crista Ampularis | Inside ampulla that contains hair cells
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| What are hair cells | Sensory cells with supporting cells
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| How are hair cells activated in the Ampulla | When endolymph fluid rushes over them due to head rotation
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| Where is the utricle | Base of each semi-circular duct (posterior)
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| Where is the saccule | Anterior to the utricle
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| What does the utricle and saccule contain | Macula
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| What does the macula contain | Contains hair cells inside a gelatinous otolithic membrane with otoliths
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| What does the macula do | Detect stationary tilt of head
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| What are Otoliths | Calcium carbonate crystal
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| How are the hair cells activated in the Macula | Movement of endolymph produces movement of the gelationous layer against the hair cells
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| What are the three fluid filled chambers in the cochlea | 1. Vestibular duct
2. Cochlear duct
3. Typanic Duct
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| What does the vestibular duct contain | Perilymph
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| What does the Cochlear duct contain (2 things) | Endolymph and Organ of Corti
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| What does the Tympaic duct contain | Perilymph
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| What is the gelationous cover in the Organ or Corti | Tectorial Membrane
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| What is the function of the Organ of Corti | Converts mechanical energy from the bony tectorial membrane scraping against the hair cells into electrical energy
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| What is conductive hearing loss | Impaired movement of sound waves or damage to one of the components
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| What is Sensorineural Hearing loss | Defect in neural pathways
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| What is the Weber test | Determines hearing loss in one or both ears
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| Where does sound localize in conductive hearing loss when doing the weber test | The poor ear
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| Where does the sound localize in Sensorineural hearing loss | The good ear
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| What is the Rinne test | Determines a patients hearing ability conducted by air or bone
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| What would be considered conductive hearing loss when performing the Rinne test | If the patient can still hear vibration on the bone after they can't hear it in the air
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| Inner and outter hair cells of organ of corti | Hearing comes from inner hair cells -- outer ones adjust cochlear responses to different frequencies increasing precision
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| Cochlear tuning | Tuning mechanisms (2) increase ability of
cochlea to receive some frequencies better
than others. Outer hair cells contract in response to motor stimuli reducing the basilar membranes
freedom to vibrate
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