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Hearing/equilibrium
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the bony labyrinth | Set of tube-like cavities in the temporal bone |
| What is the bony labyrinth filled with | Perilymph |
| What is the membranous labyrinth | Set of membranous tubes containing sensory receptors for hearing and balance |
| What is the membranous labyrinth filled with | Endolymph |
| What is the Vestibular Apparatus function | Equilibrium |
| What is the cochlea's function | Auditory |
| How many semi-circular ducts/canals are there | 3: Anterior, posterior, lateral |
| What consists of the semi-circular canals | Bony labyrinth |
| What consists of the semi-circular ducts | Membranous labyrinth |
| What is the ampulla | Dilated sac at the base of each duct |
| What does the ampulla open into | Utricle |
| What is the Crista Ampularis | Inside ampulla that contains hair cells |
| What are hair cells | Sensory cells with supporting cells |
| How are hair cells activated in the Ampulla | When endolymph fluid rushes over them due to head rotation |
| Where is the utricle | Base of each semi-circular duct (posterior) |
| Where is the saccule | Anterior to the utricle |
| What does the utricle and saccule contain | Macula |
| What does the macula contain | Contains hair cells inside a gelatinous otolithic membrane with otoliths |
| What does the macula do | Detect stationary tilt of head |
| What are Otoliths | Calcium carbonate crystal |
| How are the hair cells activated in the Macula | Movement of endolymph produces movement of the gelationous layer against the hair cells |
| What are the three fluid filled chambers in the cochlea | 1. Vestibular duct 2. Cochlear duct 3. Typanic Duct |
| What does the vestibular duct contain | Perilymph |
| What does the Cochlear duct contain (2 things) | Endolymph and Organ of Corti |
| What does the Tympaic duct contain | Perilymph |
| What is the gelationous cover in the Organ or Corti | Tectorial Membrane |
| What is the function of the Organ of Corti | Converts mechanical energy from the bony tectorial membrane scraping against the hair cells into electrical energy |
| What is conductive hearing loss | Impaired movement of sound waves or damage to one of the components |
| What is Sensorineural Hearing loss | Defect in neural pathways |
| What is the Weber test | Determines hearing loss in one or both ears |
| Where does sound localize in conductive hearing loss when doing the weber test | The poor ear |
| Where does the sound localize in Sensorineural hearing loss | The good ear |
| What is the Rinne test | Determines a patients hearing ability conducted by air or bone |
| What would be considered conductive hearing loss when performing the Rinne test | If the patient can still hear vibration on the bone after they can't hear it in the air |
| Inner and outter hair cells of organ of corti | Hearing comes from inner hair cells -- outer ones adjust cochlear responses to different frequencies increasing precision |
| Cochlear tuning | Tuning mechanisms (2) increase ability of cochlea to receive some frequencies better than others. Outer hair cells contract in response to motor stimuli reducing the basilar membranes freedom to vibrate |
Created by:
Destynelamar
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