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Chapter 1 Professional Baking (Gisslen) (Ed.6)

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Term
Definition
chef de cuisine   head of the kitchen, executive chef in charge of food production; mostly managerial, may do little or no cooking  
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cuisiner   (stove) run by the cook; chef de cuisine  
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rotisseur   (rotisserie) run by the meat chef (roast chef)  
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patissier   (oven) run by the pastry chef; prepares desserts and pastries  
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boulanger   bread baker prepares yeast goods; includes breakfast items like danish pastries, croissants, and brioche.  
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poissonier   the fish chef  
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confiseur   the confectioner or candy maker  
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saucier   the sauce chef; responsible for sauces and sauteed items  
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chef garde manger   pantry chef  
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decorateur   decorator prepares showpieces, sugar work, and decorated cakes  
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glacier   the ice cream maker makes frozen desserts  
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sous chef   assists the executive chef; directly in charge of cooking during production.  
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head baker   professional in charge of the production in a retail bakery; in charge of the staff  
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A. Boulanger   1765: began advertising on his shop sign that he served soups, which he called "restaurants" or "restoratives". Challenged the stew guild and won; In challenging the rules of the guilds, Boulanger changed the course of food service history.  
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Marie-Antoine Careme   The most famous chef of the early 19th century. Lived from 1784-1833. Worked for nobility and royalty as a pastry chef. Primarily a chef de cuisine. His many books contains the first systematic account of cooking principles, recipes and menu making.  
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George-August Escoffier   1847-1935: greatest chef of his time; father of 20th centurty cookery. simplification of the classical menu systematizing of cooking methods reorganization of the kitchen. books and recipes remain important reference for professional chefs.  
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restaurer   to restore (the word restaurant comes from this french word)  
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meunier   the miller  
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vermicellier   the pasta maker  
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nouvelle cuisine   use of simpler more natural flavors and preparations; lighter sauces/seasonings; shorter cooking times. emphasis on artful plating done by the chef in the kitchen (rather than being plated at the table by waiters)beginning of modern plated desserts  
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fusion cuisine   the use of ingredients and techniques from more than one regional cuisine in a single dish. can produce poor results because it is not true to any one culture; becomes too mixed up.  
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