renaissance and reformation test
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| Francis Bacon | 1561-1626
Science will help social problems, doesn't find accept with this belief. English Philosopher, statesman and scientist, served as attorney general and lord chancellor of England
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| John Tetzel | 1465-1519
German Dominican friar who supported indulgences, abused the sacrament of penance. sells indulgences
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| Johannes Kepler | 1571-1630
Brahe's first assistant
German astronomer who discovered 3 major laws published "the new astronomy"
Discovers the orbit of planets is elliptical, the sun isnt where it was though to be placed
Cant explain why why theyre eliptical
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| Paracelsus | 1493-1541
Physician, Philospher and Astronomer
Wrote Astronomia Magna
Believed in astrological talisams for curing disease --> Disease came from outside the body and could be cured by supplying chemicals, not herbal remedies
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| The Great Schism | 1378-1417
pope Gregory dies, cardinals come to elect new pop, elect urban vi, Italian pope who wanted to make the cardinals live more simply
french leave and elect clement IV
excommunicate e/o
Council of piza in 1409 elects Alexander V
ends w/ mart
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| Jan Hus | 1369-1415
Arrested and executed for beliefs
attack basis of church hierarchy with scriputre
Condemns the sale of indulgences, demands clerical poverty
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| Transubstantiation | Stays incorporated in council of trent 1545-63, the wine becomes the blood and the bread becomes the body.
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| Diet of worms | 1521
Imperial Council convened to decide the fate of martin luther
Held in worms germany
Charles the V was at the diet
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| Catherine of Aragon | 1509-1533 (married to henry 8)
Marries Arthur who dies after their wedding. Shes held up in a tower until Henry is 18 and she gives to birth to Mary, henry divorces her after he separates from church
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| Thomas Cramer | 1st protest archbishop of canterbury (1533-56)
Put the english bible in parish churches, drew up the anglican book of prayer.
Convicted of Heresy and killed by Mary I
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| Consistory | Church council or court
Council of cardinals with or without pope
Church of england - court presided over by a bishop
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| Frederick the wise of Saxony | 1486-1525
Protected Martin Luther from being killed after his excommunication and helped create the lutheran religion in germany
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| Elders | Position of authority and its a well respected title given to people of wisdom.
Peter Brugal
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| Indulgence | 1095- intro of indulgences
Full or partial remission of punishment and sin, so that means less time in purgatory
Began as earned in the crusades, sold and then back to earned
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| 95 theses | 1517
written by martin luther posted it to the cathedral doorin wittenberg
details problems with catholic church including the sale of indulgences and sacraments
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| Council of trent | held b/w 1545-1563
set of meetings that played a role in revitalizing many ideas of the roman catholic church and defining heresy.
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| epicycles | planets are orbiting around their orbits in a corkscrew like formaton. Theory was wrong but it put the planets and sun in the right place at the right time
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| Predestination | God knows where you are going to end up when you die the moment you're created.
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| Peace of Augsburg | 1555
first permanent legal basis for co-existance of lutheranism and Catholicism in germany.
allowed princes to pick either luthernism of their region, and that religion became the regions religion.
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| Tycho Brahe | 1546-1601 - geocentric theory
Astronomer, Creates the most complete pre-telescope like device
include comprehensive study of the solar system and accurate placements of 777 fixed stars
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| Pope Leo X | 1513-1521
Depleted papal treasury and didnt take the reformation seriously
which lead to the dissolution of western church
Excommunicated Luther for views an indulgences and his heresy
of the sacraments.
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| Purtians | Late 16th-17th century
religious reform movement that sought to purify the church of England of any remaining catholic ideology.
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| Inquisition |
1233 it was the authorization by the pope to find and punish heretics with torture
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| Anne Boleyn | 1533-1536 (married to henry) executed by hennry
second wife of henry viii
has a daughter that is Elizabeth the first
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| Armada | 1588
great fleet sent by phillip of spain to conquer england for their heresy against the catholic church,
Was defeated by the "protestant wind" which was a large storm that swept the ships of course leading to the failure of the armada
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| Cuius regio, eius religio | 1555
latin phrase which means whose realm his religion
- The ruler could dictate the religion of his region
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| anabaptism | 1520-30's
radical during protestant reformation that believed in adult baptism, becomes too radical for main stream protestant religions. Said only adults could be baptized because they could consent to it
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| John Wycliffe | 1329-1384
English priest and scripture scholar who attacked the materialism of the catholic church, wanted to return to scriptural Christianity. His teachings were condemned but the king protected him
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