Pediatrics
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| What defines the newborn period | First 28 days of life
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| Term infants are those that are born when? | Between 38-42 weeks
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| What is the post-natal period? | 28th day to end of 1st year
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| Most babies will lose __% of their birth weight in first 24 hours | 8-10
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| Most babies will regain their birth weight by: | 2 weeks
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| Normal vital signs for newborns | HR-120-160, RR-30-60, BP 50-70 systolic; Record & plot Ht, Wt, HC
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| When does the anterior fontanelle usually close | 4-24 months, average 1 year
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| When does the posterior fontanelle usually close | 2-4 months
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| Newborns are obligate __ breathers | Nose
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| Hearing is fully developed by: | 1 month
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| Umbilical cord should have this ratio of arteries to veins | 2:1
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| Eye prophylaxis to prevent GC | Silver nitrate; Erythromycin ointment within 1 hour of birth for GC/CT
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| What is given 1mg IM within 4 hours of birth to prevent hemorrhagic newborn disease | Vitamin K
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| What tests are done on the cord blood? | Type, Coombs test, Newborn screening, Hct, glucose
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| Normal newborn HR | 120-160
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| Normal newborn RR | 30-60
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| Normal newborn BP | 50-70 systolic
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| Birth weight decreases by what percent in the first 24 hours? | 8-10
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| Prophylaxis against gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum = | erythromycin ophthalmic ointment at time of delivery
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| Barlow sign | clunk represents hip dislocatability in posterior-superior direction
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| Ortolani | clunk represents relocation into joint
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| Primitive reflexes | Moro, Babinski, palmar grasp, sucking, rooting, stepping, abdominal reflexes
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| What comprises the newborn evaluation in the nursery? | Skin, auscultation of heart and lungs, palpate abdomen, HEENT, genitalia, hips, Neurologic (tone, reflexes, symmetry of movements)
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| What comprises initial care of the newborn? | Bulb suction oropharynx, support body temp, eye ppx to prevent GC, hep B vaccine, glucose testing, newborn screen, hearing screen, cord blood eval, vitamin K, position (supine, or R side dependent arm extended)
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| By age 3 hours, glucose should be: | 50-80 mg/dL
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| Four criteria required before discharge of a newborn in 24-36 hours | Feeds and voids well. Yellow stools. <10% weight loss. Bili levels stable. Ensure f/u in 48-72 hrs
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| Skin feature in post term infant | peeling skin
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| Neonatal vision is: | 20/200
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