Cardiovascular System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aorta | largest artery of the body; vessel through which oxygenated blood exits the heart
🗑
|
||||
| aortic valve | valve between the aorta and the left ventricle
🗑
|
||||
| arteriole | a tiny artery connecting to a capillary
🗑
|
||||
| artery | a thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart
🗑
|
||||
| atrioventricular bundle | bundle of fivers in the inter ventricular septum that transfers charges in the heart's conduction system; also called bundle of His
🗑
|
||||
| atrioventricular (AV) node | specialized part of the interatrial septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His
🗑
|
||||
| atrioventricular valve | one of two valves that control blood flow between the atria and ventricles
🗑
|
||||
| atrium (p. atria) | either of the two upper chambers of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| bicuspid valve | atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| blood | essential fluid made up of plasma & other elements that circulates throughout the body; delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body's cells
🗑
|
||||
| blood pressure | measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries
🗑
|
||||
| blood vessel | any of the tubular passageways in the cardiovascular system through which blood travels
🗑
|
||||
| bundle of His | *see atrioventricular bundle
🗑
|
||||
| capillary | the smallest blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels
🗑
|
||||
| carbon dioxide | waste material transported in the venous blood
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac cycle | repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart as it circulates blood within itself and pumps it out to the rest of the body or the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| cardiovascular | Relating to or affecting the heart and blood vessels.
🗑
|
||||
| carotid artery | artery that transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck
🗑
|
||||
| conduction system | part of the heart containing specialized tissue that sends electrical charges through heart fibers, causing the heart to contract and relax at regular intervals
🗑
|
||||
| coronary artery | blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the heart
🗑
|
||||
| depolarization | contracting state of the myocardial tissue in the heart's conduction system
🗑
|
||||
| diastole | relaxation phase of a heartbeat
🗑
|
||||
| ductus arteriousus | structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetus's nonfunctioning lungs
🗑
|
||||
| ductus venosus | structure in the fetal circulatory system through which blood flows to bypass the fetal liver
🗑
|
||||
| endocardium | membranous lining of the chambers and valves of the heart; the innermost layer of heart tissue
🗑
|
||||
| endothelium | lining of the arteries that secretes substances into the blood
🗑
|
||||
| epicardium | outermost layer of heart tissue
🗑
|
||||
| femoral artery | an artery that supplies blood to the thigh
🗑
|
||||
| foramen ovale | opening in the septum of the fetal heart that closes at birth
🗑
|
||||
| heart | muscular organ that receives blood from the veins and sends it into the arteries
🗑
|
||||
| inferior vena cava | large vein that draws blood from the lower part of the body to the right atrium
🗑
|
||||
| left atrium | upper left heart chamber
🗑
|
||||
| left ventricle | lower left heart chamber
🗑
|
||||
| lumen | channel inside an artery through which blood flows
🗑
|
||||
| mitral valve | *see bicuspid valve
🗑
|
||||
| myocardium | muscular layer of heart tissue between the epicardium and the endocardium
🗑
|
||||
| pacemaker | term for the sinoatrial (SA) node; also, an artificial device that regulates heart rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| pericardium | protective covering of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| polarization | resting state of the myocardial tissue in the conduction system of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| popliteal artery | an artery that supplies blood to the cells of the area behind the knee
🗑
|
||||
| pulmonary artery | one of two arteries that carry blood that is low in oxygen from the heart to the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| pulmonary valve | valve that controls the blood flow between the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries
🗑
|
||||
| pulmonary vein | one of four veins that bring oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
🗑
|
||||
| pulse | rhythmic expansion and contraction of a blood vessel, usually an artery
🗑
|
||||
| repolarization | recharging state; transition from contraction to resting that occurs in the conduction system of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| right atrium | upper right chamber of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| right ventricle | lower right chamber of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| saphenous vein | any of a group of veins that transport deoxygenated blood from the legs
🗑
|
||||
| semilunar valve | one of the two valves that prevent the back flow of blood flowing out of the heart into the aorta and the pulmonary artery
🗑
|
||||
| septum (p. septa) | partition between the left and right chambers of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| sinoatrial (SA) node | region of the right atrium containing specialized tissue that sends electrical impulses to the heart muscle, causing it to contract
🗑
|
||||
| sinus rhythm | normal heart rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| super vena cava | large vein that transports blood collected from the upper part of the body to the heart
🗑
|
||||
| systole | contraction phase of the heartbeat
🗑
|
||||
| tricuspid valve | atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| valve | any of various structures that slow or prevent fluid from flowing backward or forward
🗑
|
||||
| vein | any of various blood vessels carrying deoxygenated blood toward the heart, except the pulmonary vein
🗑
|
||||
| vena cava (p. venae cavae) | *see superior vena cava & inferior vena cava
🗑
|
||||
| ventricle | either of the two lower chambers of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| venule | a tiny vein connecting to a capillary
🗑
|
||||
| angiocardiography | viewing of the heart and its major blood vessels by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| angiography | viewing of the heart's major blood vessels by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| aortography | viewing of the aorta by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| arteriography | viewing of a specific artery by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| auscultation | process of listening to body sounds via a stethoscope
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac catheterization | process of passing a thin catheter through an artery or vein to the heart to take blood samples, inject a contrast medium, or measure various pressures
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac enzyme tests/studies | blood tests for determining levels of enzymes during a myocardial infarction; serum enzyme tests
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac MRI | viewing of the heart by magnetic resonance imaging
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac scan | process of viewing the heart muscle at work by scanning the heart of a patient into whom a radioactive substance has been injected
🗑
|
||||
| cholesterol | fatty substance present in animal fats; cholesterol circulates int the bloodstream, sometimes causing arterial plaque to form
🗑
|
||||
| digital subtraction angiography | use of two angiograms done with different dyes to provide a comparison between the results
🗑
|
||||
| doppler ultrasound | ultrasound test of blood flow in certain blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| echocardiography | use of sound waves to produce images showing the structure and motion of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| ejection fraction | percentage of the volume of the contents of the left ventricle ejected with each contraction
🗑
|
||||
| electrocardiography | use of the electrocardiograph in diagnosis
🗑
|
||||
| holter monitor | portable device that provides a 24-hour electrocardiogram
🗑
|
||||
| lipid profile | laboratory test that provides the levels of lipids, triglycerides, and other substances in the blood
🗑
|
||||
| multiple-gated acquisition (MUGA) angiography | radioactive scan showing heart function
🗑
|
||||
| phlebography | viewing of a vein by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| positron emission tomography (PET) scan | type of nuclear image that measures movement of areas of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| serum enzyme tests | laboratory tests performed to detect enzymes present during or after a myocardial infarction; cardiac enzyme studies
🗑
|
||||
| sonography | production of images based on the echoes of sound waves against structures
🗑
|
||||
| sphygmomanometer | device for measuring blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| stress test | test that measures heart rate, blood pressure, and other body functions while the patient is exercising on a treadmill
🗑
|
||||
| triglyceride | fatty substance; lipid
🗑
|
||||
| venography | viewing of a vein by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| ventriculogram | x-ray of a ventricle taken after injection of a contrast medium
🗑
|
||||
| aneurysm | ballooning of the artery wall caused by weakness in the wall
🗑
|
||||
| angina | angina pectoris
🗑
|
||||
| angina pectoris | chest pain, usually caused by a lowered oxygen or blood supply to the heart
🗑
|
||||
| aortic regurgitation | backward flow or leakage of blood through a faulty aortic valve
🗑
|
||||
| aortic stenosis | narrowing of the aorta
🗑
|
||||
| arrhythmia | irregularity in the rhythm of the heartbeat
🗑
|
||||
| arteriosclerosis | hardening of the arteries
🗑
|
||||
| arteritis | inflammation of an artery or arteries
🗑
|
||||
| asystole | cardiac arrest
🗑
|
||||
| atheroma | a fatty deposit (plaque) in the wall of an artery
🗑
|
||||
| atherosclerosis | hardening of the arteries caused by the buildup of atheromas
🗑
|
||||
| atrial fibrillation | an irregular, usually rapid, heartbeat caused by overstimulation of the AV node
🗑
|
||||
| atrioventricular block | heart block; partial or complete blockage of the electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles
🗑
|
||||
| bacterial endocarditis | bacterial inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| bradycardia | heart rate of fewer then 60 beats per minute
🗑
|
||||
| bruit | sound or murmur, especially an abnormal heart sound heard on auscultation, especially of the carotid artery
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac arrest | sudden stopping of the heart; also called asystole
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac tamponade | compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac
🗑
|
||||
| cardiomyopathy | disease of the heart muscle
🗑
|
||||
| claudication | limping caused by inadequate blood supply during activity; usually subsides during rest
🗑
|
||||
| coarctation of the aorta | abnormal narrowing of the aorta
🗑
|
||||
| congenital heart disease | heart disease (usually a type of malformation) that exists at birth
🗑
|
||||
| constriction | compression or narrowing caused by contraction, as of a vessel
🗑
|
||||
| coronary artery disease | condition that reduces the flow of blood and nutrients through the arteries of the heart
🗑
|
||||
| cyanosis | bluish or purplish coloration, as of the skin, caused by inadequate oxygenation of the blood
🗑
|
||||
| deep vein thrombosis | formation of a thrombus (clot) in a deep vein, such as a femoral vein
🗑
|
||||
| dysrhythmia | abnormal heart rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| embolus | mass of foreign material blocking a vessel
🗑
|
||||
| endocarditis | inflammation of the endocardium, especially an inflammation caused by a bacterial or fungal agent
🗑
|
||||
| essential hypertension | high blood pressure without any known cause
🗑
|
||||
| fibrillation | random, chaotic, irregular heart rhythm
🗑
|
||||
| flutter | regular but very rapid heartbeat
🗑
|
||||
| gallop | triple sound of a heartbeat, usually indicative of serious heart disease
🗑
|
||||
| heart block | *see atrioventricular block
🗑
|
||||
| hemorrhoid | varicose condition of veins in the anal region
🗑
|
||||
| high blood pressure | *see hypertension
🗑
|
||||
| hypertension | chronic condition with blood pressure greater than 140/90
🗑
|
||||
| hypertensive heart disease | heart disease caused, or worsened, by high blood pressure
🗑
|
||||
| hypotension | chronic condition with blood pressure below normal
🗑
|
||||
| infarct | area of necrosis caused by a sudden drop in the supply of arterial or venous blood
🗑
|
||||
| infarction | sudden drop in the supply of arterial or venous blood, often due to an embolus or thrombus
🗑
|
||||
| intermittent claudication | attacks of limping, particularly in the legs, due to ischemia of the muscles
🗑
|
||||
| intracardiac tumor | a tumor within one of the heart chambers
🗑
|
||||
| ischemia | localized blood insufficiency caused by an obstruction
🗑
|
||||
| low blood pressure | *see hypotension
🗑
|
||||
| mitral insufficiency / reflux | backward flow of blood due to a damaged mitral valve
🗑
|
||||
| mitral stenosis | abnormal narrowing at the opening of the mitral valve
🗑
|
||||
| mitral valve prolapse | backward flow of blood into the left atrium due to protrusion of one or both mitral cusps into the left atrium during contractions
🗑
|
||||
| murmur | soft heart humming sound heard between normal beats
🗑
|
||||
| myocardial infarction | sudden drop in the supply of blood to an area of the heart muscle, usually due to a blockage in a coronary artery
🗑
|
||||
| myocarditis | inflammation of the myocardium
🗑
|
||||
| necrosis | death of tissue or an organ part due to irreversible damage; usually a result of oxygen deprivation
🗑
|
||||
| occlusion | the closing of a blood vessel
🗑
|
||||
| palpitations | uncomfortable pulsations of the heart felt as a thumping in the chest
🗑
|
||||
| patent ductus arteriosus | a condition at birth in which the ductus arteriousus, a small duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, remains abnormally open
🗑
|
||||
| perfusion deficit | lack of flow through a blood vessel, usually caused by an occlusion
🗑
|
||||
| pericarditits | inflammation of the pericardium
🗑
|
||||
| peripheral vascular disease | vascular disease in the lower extremities, usually due to the blockages in the arteries of the groin or legs
🗑
|
||||
| petechiae | minute hemorrhages in the skin
🗑
|
||||
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein
🗑
|
||||
| plaque | buildup of solid material, such as a fatty deposit, on the lining of an artery
🗑
|
||||
| premature atrial contractions (PACs) | atrial contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations
🗑
|
||||
| premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) | ventricular contractions that occur before the normal impulse; can be the cause of palpitations
🗑
|
||||
| pulmonary artery stenosis | narrowing of the pulmonary artery, preventing the lungs from receiving enough blood from the heart to oxygenate
🗑
|
||||
| pulmonary edema | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lungs
🗑
|
||||
| raynaud's phenomenon | spasm in the arteries of the fingers causing numbness or pain
🗑
|
||||
| rheumatic heart disease | heart valve and/or muscle damage caused by an untreated streptococcal infection
🗑
|
||||
| risk factor | any of various factors considered to increase the probability that a disease will occur; for example, high blood pressure and smoking are considered risk factors for heart disease
🗑
|
||||
| rub | frictional sound heard between heartbeats, usually indication a pericardial murmur
🗑
|
||||
| secondary hypertension | hypertension having a known cause, such as kidney disease
🗑
|
||||
| septal defect | congenital abnormality consisting of an opening in the septum between the atria or ventricles
🗑
|
||||
| stenosis | narrowing, particularly of blood vessels or of the cardiac valves
🗑
|
||||
| tachycardia | heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute
🗑
|
||||
| tetralogy of fallot | set of four congenital heart abnormalities appearing together that cause deoxygenated blood to enter the systemic circulation: ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, incorrect position of the aorta, and rich ventricular hypertrophy
🗑
|
||||
| thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein with a thrombus
🗑
|
||||
| thrombosis | presence of a thrombus in a blood vessel
🗑
|
||||
| thrombotic occlusion | narrowing caused by a thrombus
🗑
|
||||
| thrombus | stationary blood clot in the cardiovascular system, usually formed from matter found in the blood
🗑
|
||||
| tricuspid stenosis | abnormal narrowing of the opening of the tricuspid valve
🗑
|
||||
| valvulitis | inflammation of a heart valve
🗑
|
||||
| varicose vein | dilated, enlarged, or twisted vein, usually on the leg
🗑
|
||||
| vegetation | clot on a heart valve or opening, usually caused by infection
🗑
|
||||
| anastomosis | surgical connection of two blood vessels to allow blood flow between them
🗑
|
||||
| angioplasty | opening of a blocked blood vessel, as by balloon dilation
🗑
|
||||
| angioscopy | viewing of the interior o f a blood vessel using a fiberoptic catheter inserted or threaded into the vessel
🗑
|
||||
| arteriotomy | surgical incision into an artery, especially to remove a clot
🗑
|
||||
| atherectomy | surgical removal of an atheroma
🗑
|
||||
| balloon catheter dilation | insertion of a balloon catheter into a blood vessel to open the passage so blood can flow freely
🗑
|
||||
| balloon valvuloplasty | procedure that uses a balloon catheter to open narrowed orifices in cardiac valves
🗑
|
||||
| bypass | a structure (usually a vein graft) that creates a new passage for blood flow from one artery to another artery or part of an artery; used to create a detour around blockages in the arteries
🗑
|
||||
| cardiopulmonary bypass | procedure used during surgery to divert blood flow to and from the heart through a heart- lung machine and back into circulation
🗑
|
||||
| coronary angioplasty | *see angioplasty
🗑
|
||||
| coronary bypass surgery | *see bypass
🗑
|
||||
| embolectomy | surgical removal of an embolus
🗑
|
||||
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of the diseased portion of the lining of an artery
🗑
|
||||
| endovascular surgery | any of various procedures performed during cardiac catheterization, such as angioscopy and atherectomy
🗑
|
||||
| fontan's operation | surgical procedure that creates a bypass from the right atrium to the main pulmonary artery; fontal's procedure
🗑
|
||||
| graft | any tissue or organ implanted to replace or mend damaged areas
🗑
|
||||
| heart transplant | implantation of the heart of a person who has just died into a person whose diseased heart cannot sustain life
🗑
|
||||
| hemorrhoidectomy | surgical removal of hemorrhoids
🗑
|
||||
| intravascular stent | stent placed within a blood vessel to allow blood to flow freely
🗑
|
||||
| percutaneous trans luminal coronary angioplasty | *see balloon catheter dilation
🗑
|
||||
| phlebotomy | drawing blood from a vein via a small incision
🗑
|
||||
| stent | surgically implanted devices used to hold something (as a blood vessel) open
🗑
|
||||
| thrombectomy | surgical removal of a thrombus
🗑
|
||||
| valve replacement | surgical replacement of a coronary valve
🗑
|
||||
| valvotomy | incision into a cardiac valve to remove an obstruction
🗑
|
||||
| valvuloplasty | surgical reconstruction of a cardiac valve
🗑
|
||||
| venipuncture | small puncture into a vein, usually to draw blood or inject a solution
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Kass.Ignacio
Popular Medical sets