Endocrine system
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| Endocrine system | Helps nervous system with communication and control of the body
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| Endocrine glands | Cells tissues and organs
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| Quasi endocrine | Paracrine and autocrine glands
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| Endocrine Gladys communicate by | Chemical signals
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| General characteristics of endocrine system | Neurons release neurotransmitters into a synapse affecting post synaptic cells
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| Chemical signal | Neurotransmitter hormone
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| Cells | Neurotransmitter glandular epithelium
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| Specificity of action | Receptors on post synaptic cell receptor on target cell
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| Speed of onset | Seconds to hours
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| Duration of action | Very brief unless neuronal activity continues may be brief or my last ayes even if secretion ceases
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| Larger endocrine glands | Pituitary gland thyroid gland pathyroid glands adrenal glands pancreas
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| Hypothalamus | Corticotropin releasing hormone gonadotropin releasing hormone somatostatin growth hormone prolactin release inhibiting hormone prolactin release factor thyrotropin releasing hormone
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| Anterior pituitary gland | Adrencarticatropic hormone follicle stimulating hormone growth hormone luteinizing hormone prolactin thyroid stimulating hormone
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| Posterior pituitary gland | Antidiuretic hornmone oxycocin
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| Thyroid gland | Calcitonin thyroxine trilothyronine
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| Parathyroid gland | Parathyroid hormone
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| Adrenal medulla | Epinephrine norepinephrine
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| Adrenal cortex | Aldosterone cortisol
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| Pancreas | Glucagon insulin somatostatin
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| Steroid abuse | Drop in natural testosterone heart and liver damage breast development in males behavior changes
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| Growth hormone | Used with steroids usually joint pain swelling hard to detect
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| Erythropoietin | Red loading by a hormone produced by the kidneys which stimulates more rbc production heart attacks
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| Control of hormonal secretion | Primary controlled by negative feedback mechanism
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| Prostaglandins | Paracrine substance potent in small amounts
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| Anterior lobe front | Adenohypophysis hypothalamic releasing hormones stimulate cells
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| Posterior lobe back | Neurohypophysis neurosecretory cells extending from hypothalamus release hormones into bloodstream
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| Hypothalamus (1) | Releasing hormone 1, anterior pituitary 2, peripheral endocrine gland 3 last is target cells
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| Growth hormone gh | Stimulates increase in size and rate of division of body cells enchanes movement of amino acids through membranes promotes growth of long bones
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| Prolactin prl | Sustained milk production after birth amplified the effect of lh in males
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| Thyroid stimulating hormone tsh | Controls secreation of homones from thyroid gland
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| Adrerenocorticotropic hormone acth | Controls secreation of hormones from the adrenal cortex
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| Follicle stimulating hormone fsh | Development of egg containing follicles in ovaries stimulates follicular cells to secrete estrogen in males. Stimulates production of sperm cells
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| Luteinizing hormone lh | Promotes secretion f sex hormones releases egg cell in females
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| Antidiuretic hormone adh | Causes kidneys to reduce water excreation in high concentration raises blood pressure
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| Oxytocin ot | Contracts muscles in uterine wall and those associated with milk secreation glands
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| Thyroid gland produces | T4 thyroxine T3 triiodothyronine and calcitonin
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| Type 1 diabetes juvenile | Autoimmune disorder where pancreatic beta cells are destroyed halting insulin production
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| Type two diabetes | Cells lose functional insulin receptors and therefore less able to respond to insulin
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| Type 3 | Gastroentril diabetes pregnancy
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