Anat-Veins
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| components of capillary network | arterial and venous capillaries
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| venules function | drain the capillary network, counterpart of arterioles
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| flow of blood through all blood vessels | elastic arteries--> muscular arteries--> arterioles--> arterial capillaries--> venous capillaries--> venules--> small veins--> medium veins--> large veins
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| vein valves location/function | found in medium-sized veins (especially of the lower limbs) and allow blood to flow toward the heart but not in the opposite direction
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| systemic veins function | return blood from the body to the right atrium
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| major systemic veins | coronary sinus, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava
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| coronary sinus function | collects blood from cardiac muscle cells and returns it to the right atrium
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| superior vena cava function | transports blood from the head, neck, thorax, and upper limbs (what's superior to the heart) to the right atrium
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| inferior vena cava function | transports blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs to the right atrium
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| three types of veins | superficial, deep, sinuses
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| superficial veins location/naming | found closer to the surface of the body (close to the skin), have "unique" names
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| deep veins location/naming | typically found deeper in the body and usually next to major arteries, typically share names with arteries
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| sinuses structure | kind of like a storage vein; a modified, slightly expanded diameter vein that lacks smooth muscle (diameter usually controlled by smooth muscle, therefore, sinuses can't change diameter)
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| great and small cardiac veins function | drain the left (great) and right (small) side of the heart
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| coronary sinus function/location | collects venous blood from the great and small cardiac veins and empties into the right atrium; very close to the right atrium
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| veins that empty into the superior vena cava | dural venous sinuses, internal jugular vein, external jugular vein, subclavian vein, vertebral veins, brachiocephalic vein, radial vein, ulnar vein, brachial vein, basilic vein, axillary vein, cephalic vein
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| dural venous sinuses function/location | receive blood that has circulated through the brain, face, and orbit and empty into the internal jugular vein; quite a number of them, found in the cavity space within the dura mater that is filled with blood
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| internal jugular vein location | exits skull through the jugular foramen between the temporal and occipital bones, connects to the subclavian vein and dural venous sinuses
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| internal jugular vein function | carries blood out of the skull and down the neck
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| vertebral veins location | travel with the vertebral arteries through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae and join the subclavian vein
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| vertebral veins function | drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and deep neck muscles
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| formation of brachiocephalic vein | subclavian veins become the brachiocephalic veins after they pass the clavicle
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| formation of the superior vena cava | right and left brachiocephalic veins fuse to form the superior vena cava
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| deep veins of the shoulder and upper limb | axillary, subclavian, radial, ulnar, and brachial veins
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| superficial veins of the shoulder and upper limb | basilic and cephalic veins
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| radial vein location | paired, found next to the radial artery
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| ulnar vein location | paired, found next to the ulnar artery
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| brachial vein location/formation | connects with the axillary vein, made from the connection of the radial and ulnar veins
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| basilic vein location | on the medial side of the arm, becomes the axillary vein by joining with the brachial vein
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| cephalic vein location | on the lateral side of the brachial body part, connects right before the subclavian vein begins
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| axillary vein location | in the axillary region, becomes the subclavian vein beneath the clavicle
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| inferior vena cava location | goes from the right atrium, through the diaphragm, and to the bottom of the abdominal cavity; runs side-by-side with the descending abdominal aorta (on its right)
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| inferior vena cava structure | thinner wall than descending abdominal aorta, cross section tends to collapse if there is no blood in it
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| inferior vena cava immediate branches | branches to form the right and left common iliac veins, left and right renal veins also branch off
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| hepatic portal system route | capillaries in the abdominal viscera--> venule--> small, medium, large veins--> hepatic portal vein--> medium, small veins--> venules--> capillaries in the liver; heart is not a direct part of the system!
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| hepatic portal system function | brings nutrient-filled blood from the digestive system to the liver to be stored, balanced, and detoxified before it goes to the rest of the body
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| deep veins of the pelvis and lower limb | anterior and posterior tibial veins, popliteal vein, femoral vein, external iliac vein, internal iliac vein, common iliac vein
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| branches of the common iliac vein | external and internal iliac veins
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| branch of the external iliac vein | becomes the femoral vein in the thigh
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| branch of the femoral vein | becomes the popliteal vein
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| branches of the popliteal vein | anterior and posterior tibial veins
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| superficial veins of the pelvis and lower limb | great saphenous vein
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| great saphenous vein location/structure | on the medial side of the leg; longest vein in the human body
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| valves location/necessity | found in both superficial and deep veins (esp of the leg); important in the leg because blood pressure is low here and blood flow must work against gravity
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| action of skeletal muscle pump in deep veins | surrounded by skeletal muscle so contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscles during activity squeeze the veins and push the blood upwards
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| action of valves in deep veins | keep the blood from "falling back down" when the muscles of the skeletal muscle pump relax
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| problems with valves of the veins in the leg | weight gain or standing around a lot (pressure on limb tissue) causes blood vessel walls to expand so valves can't close properly, blood pools and leads to varicose veins
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| external jugular vein location | drains into the subclavian vein
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| veins of the hepatic portal system | hepatic portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, gastric vein
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| superior mesenteric vein function | drains blood from the small intestine and part of the large intestine
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| inferior mesenteric vein function | drains the distal part of the large intestine and usually drains into the splenic vein
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| splenic vein function | drains the spleen
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| gastric veins function | drain the stomach??
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Created by:
Jean-O
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