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Anat-Veins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| components of capillary network | arterial and venous capillaries |
| venules function | drain the capillary network, counterpart of arterioles |
| flow of blood through all blood vessels | elastic arteries--> muscular arteries--> arterioles--> arterial capillaries--> venous capillaries--> venules--> small veins--> medium veins--> large veins |
| vein valves location/function | found in medium-sized veins (especially of the lower limbs) and allow blood to flow toward the heart but not in the opposite direction |
| systemic veins function | return blood from the body to the right atrium |
| major systemic veins | coronary sinus, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava |
| coronary sinus function | collects blood from cardiac muscle cells and returns it to the right atrium |
| superior vena cava function | transports blood from the head, neck, thorax, and upper limbs (what's superior to the heart) to the right atrium |
| inferior vena cava function | transports blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs to the right atrium |
| three types of veins | superficial, deep, sinuses |
| superficial veins location/naming | found closer to the surface of the body (close to the skin), have "unique" names |
| deep veins location/naming | typically found deeper in the body and usually next to major arteries, typically share names with arteries |
| sinuses structure | kind of like a storage vein; a modified, slightly expanded diameter vein that lacks smooth muscle (diameter usually controlled by smooth muscle, therefore, sinuses can't change diameter) |
| great and small cardiac veins function | drain the left (great) and right (small) side of the heart |
| coronary sinus function/location | collects venous blood from the great and small cardiac veins and empties into the right atrium; very close to the right atrium |
| veins that empty into the superior vena cava | dural venous sinuses, internal jugular vein, external jugular vein, subclavian vein, vertebral veins, brachiocephalic vein, radial vein, ulnar vein, brachial vein, basilic vein, axillary vein, cephalic vein |
| dural venous sinuses function/location | receive blood that has circulated through the brain, face, and orbit and empty into the internal jugular vein; quite a number of them, found in the cavity space within the dura mater that is filled with blood |
| internal jugular vein location | exits skull through the jugular foramen between the temporal and occipital bones, connects to the subclavian vein and dural venous sinuses |
| internal jugular vein function | carries blood out of the skull and down the neck |
| vertebral veins location | travel with the vertebral arteries through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae and join the subclavian vein |
| vertebral veins function | drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and deep neck muscles |
| formation of brachiocephalic vein | subclavian veins become the brachiocephalic veins after they pass the clavicle |
| formation of the superior vena cava | right and left brachiocephalic veins fuse to form the superior vena cava |
| deep veins of the shoulder and upper limb | axillary, subclavian, radial, ulnar, and brachial veins |
| superficial veins of the shoulder and upper limb | basilic and cephalic veins |
| radial vein location | paired, found next to the radial artery |
| ulnar vein location | paired, found next to the ulnar artery |
| brachial vein location/formation | connects with the axillary vein, made from the connection of the radial and ulnar veins |
| basilic vein location | on the medial side of the arm, becomes the axillary vein by joining with the brachial vein |
| cephalic vein location | on the lateral side of the brachial body part, connects right before the subclavian vein begins |
| axillary vein location | in the axillary region, becomes the subclavian vein beneath the clavicle |
| inferior vena cava location | goes from the right atrium, through the diaphragm, and to the bottom of the abdominal cavity; runs side-by-side with the descending abdominal aorta (on its right) |
| inferior vena cava structure | thinner wall than descending abdominal aorta, cross section tends to collapse if there is no blood in it |
| inferior vena cava immediate branches | branches to form the right and left common iliac veins, left and right renal veins also branch off |
| hepatic portal system route | capillaries in the abdominal viscera--> venule--> small, medium, large veins--> hepatic portal vein--> medium, small veins--> venules--> capillaries in the liver; heart is not a direct part of the system! |
| hepatic portal system function | brings nutrient-filled blood from the digestive system to the liver to be stored, balanced, and detoxified before it goes to the rest of the body |
| deep veins of the pelvis and lower limb | anterior and posterior tibial veins, popliteal vein, femoral vein, external iliac vein, internal iliac vein, common iliac vein |
| branches of the common iliac vein | external and internal iliac veins |
| branch of the external iliac vein | becomes the femoral vein in the thigh |
| branch of the femoral vein | becomes the popliteal vein |
| branches of the popliteal vein | anterior and posterior tibial veins |
| superficial veins of the pelvis and lower limb | great saphenous vein |
| great saphenous vein location/structure | on the medial side of the leg; longest vein in the human body |
| valves location/necessity | found in both superficial and deep veins (esp of the leg); important in the leg because blood pressure is low here and blood flow must work against gravity |
| action of skeletal muscle pump in deep veins | surrounded by skeletal muscle so contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscles during activity squeeze the veins and push the blood upwards |
| action of valves in deep veins | keep the blood from "falling back down" when the muscles of the skeletal muscle pump relax |
| problems with valves of the veins in the leg | weight gain or standing around a lot (pressure on limb tissue) causes blood vessel walls to expand so valves can't close properly, blood pools and leads to varicose veins |
| external jugular vein location | drains into the subclavian vein |
| veins of the hepatic portal system | hepatic portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric vein, splenic vein, gastric vein |
| superior mesenteric vein function | drains blood from the small intestine and part of the large intestine |
| inferior mesenteric vein function | drains the distal part of the large intestine and usually drains into the splenic vein |
| splenic vein function | drains the spleen |
| gastric veins function | drain the stomach?? |
Created by:
Jean-O
Popular Anatomy sets