Muscle Tissue
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| Muscle tissue, one of the four basic tissue groups, consists chiefly of cells that are highly specialized for _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | produces movement, maintain posture, maintain body temp and guards body entrances and exits
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| show | tendon
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| The dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire skeletal muscle is the ____________. | show 🗑
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| A fascicle is a ___________. | show 🗑
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| show | endyomysium
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| show | (1) endomysium
(2) perimysium
(3) epimysium
(4) myofibril
(5) fascicle
(6) muscle fiber
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| show | produce large amounts of muscle protiens
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| show | myoblasts
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| show | sarcolemma
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| Muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that muscle fibers _________________. | show 🗑
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| show | storage and release site for calcium ions
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| show | a transverse tubule and two terminal cisternae
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| show | 100-1000s
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| What is titin? | show 🗑
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| show | tropmyosin molecules
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| Since each myofibril is attached at either end of the muscle fiber, when sacromeres shorten, the muscle fiber _______________. | show 🗑
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| show | mitochondria
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| show | thick and thin filaments
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) What physiological process occurs in the structure labeled "7"? | show 🗑
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) What is released from the structure labeled "9"? | show 🗑
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| show | sarcoplasmic reticulum
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) Which structure has pumps to remove calcium ions from the sarcoplasm to produce relaxation? | show 🗑
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) Where are the myosin molecules located? | show 🗑
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) Which structure contains the motor end plate? | show 🗑
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| Use Figure 10-1 (Skeletal Muscle Fiber) Identify the structure where ATP is produced. | show 🗑
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| show | thick filament, SR, terminal cisternae of SR
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| show | calcium ions
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| show | synaptic cleft
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| show | motor end plate
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| show | transverse tubule
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| show | active transport of calcium into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
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| show | rigor mortis
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| What happens during rigor mortis? | show 🗑
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| Triggering of the muscle action potential occurs after ____________ binds to chemically-gated channels in the motor end plate. | show 🗑
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| show | 3,5,1,4,6,2
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| How would the loss of acetylcholinesterase from the motor end plate affect skeletal muscle? | show 🗑
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| When acetylcholine binds to receptors at the motor end plate, the sarcolemma becomes ________________. | show 🗑
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| The cytoplasm of the neuromuscular terminal contains vesicles filled with molecules of the neurotransmitter ___________. | show 🗑
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| Synaptic vesicles contain neurotransmitters that are released by _____________ when the action potential arrives. | show 🗑
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| The muscle weakness of myasthenia gravis results from _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | reduces the muscle ability for contraction
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| show | twitch
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| When a muscle is stimulated repeatedly at a high rate, the amount of tension gradually increased to a steady maximum tension. This state of maximum tension is called ____________. | show 🗑
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| show | incomplete tenatus
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| show | wave summation
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| The contraction of a muscle exerts a pull on a bone because muscles attach to bone by _____________. | show 🗑
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| show | isometric muscles do not shorten and they have more tension
isotonic muscles shorten with tension being put on the muscle
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| A weight-lifter strains to lift a heavy weight and there is no movement of the person's arms holding on to the weight. This type of contraction is called a(n) __________ contraction. | show 🗑
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| show | glucose is produced from lactic acid
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| show | aerobic respiration
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| What is creatine phosphate? | show 🗑
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| Aerobic metabolism normally provides _______ percent of the ATP demands of a resting muscle cell. | show 🗑
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| After heavy exercise, if energy reserves in a muscle are depleted, ______________ occurs. | show 🗑
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| At peak levels of muscle exertion the mitochondria can supply ____________ of the energy required by the muscle. | show 🗑
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| Which hormone directly stimulates growth of muscle tissue, leading to increased muscle mass? | show 🗑
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| Decreased blood flow to a muscle could result in? | show 🗑
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| How would an elevated level of thyroid hormone in the body affect skeletal muscles? | show 🗑
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| show | integumentary
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| show | slow twitch -smallest in diameter, least powerful and dark red
fast twitch -largest in diameter, most powerful and white
intermediate twitch -intermediate diameter, pink, less strength/endurance
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| show | fast
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| show | repeated, exhaustive stimulation
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| show | slow muscle fibers generate less tension, rich in red protein myoglobin, take 3x as long to reach peak tension and have smaller fiber diamters
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| show | fast fibers
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| A(n) ___________ can be described as a broad tendinous sheet. | show 🗑
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| show | tetanus
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| show | tetanus
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| *SHORT ANSWER QUESTION* A hypothetical genetic disease causes the body to produce antibodies that compete with acetylcholine for receptors on the motor end plate. | show 🗑
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| show | *CONTINUED*
An acetylcholine blocker would be worse than doing nothing.
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| show | If muscle damage has occurred, dr would find enzymes such as creatine kinase & proteins such as myoglobin or troponin in the bloodstream released by injured skeletal muscle cells. The level of these substances correlates with the severity of the injury.
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| *CONTINUED* Dr. orders several blood tests. What kind of blood tests can help determine whether muscle damage has occurred? | show 🗑
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| *SHORT ANSWER QUESTION* Megan wants to enter a weight-lifting competition & consults you as to what type of muscle fibers she needs to develop & how she should go about it. What would you suggest to her? | show 🗑
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| show | *CONTINUED*
to the point of muscle fatigue. The fatigue triggers the production of new myofilament proteins, leading to muscle bulk & strength,
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| The bundle of collagen fibers at the end of a skeletal muscle that attached the muscle to bone is called a(n) ___________ | show 🗑
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| Describe the recovery period following exercise. | show 🗑
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