Endocrine System - Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Thyroid, etc
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| the hypothalamus maintains homeostasis by: | controlling body temperature, growth, blood pressure, etc.
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| what is the pituitary gland? | cluster of cells hanging from the hypothalamus
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| the pituatary gland sits ___ | in the sella turcica
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| where is ADH and oxycotin stored? | the posterior pituitary
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| the ___ connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus | infundibulum
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| ___ is in control of cervical/uterine stretching | oxytocin
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| ADH: | prevents urine production
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| ADH stimulates: | the kidneys to reabsorb & conserve water
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| the anterior pituitary is composed of __ tissue | glandular
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| tropic hormones __ | control release of other hormones
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| __triggers labor & delivery | oxycotin
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| the thyroid-stimulating hormone: | promotes normal development/activity of the thyroid gland
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| which hormone is released by stress? | ACTH
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| which hormone stimulates adrenal cortex & releases corticosteroids? | ACTH
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| the follicle stimulating hormone regulates: | sex cell production
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| prolactin promotes: | milk production
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| luteinizing hormone stimulates: | gonaadal hormone production
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| oxycotin represents __ feedback | positive
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| when the neuron fires, ___ are released | hormones
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| the __ plays a major role in metabolism | thyroid
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| the thyroid overlays the __ | trachea
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| what structure directs the body stress response? | hypothalamus
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| the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) target tissue: | thyroid
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| ACTH target tissue: | adrenal cortex
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| the thyroid gland directs: | gene transciption
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| the thyroid gland helps: | cell burn energy
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| hyroid gland is: | lipid soluble, amino acid based
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| which gland requires iodine? | thyroid gland
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| if you have a lot of thyroid glands in the body, body uses ___ ATP and will cause __ | more - weight loss
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| graves disease is caused from: | too much thyroid
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| too much thyroid is called; | hyperthyroidism
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| hypothyroidism: | iodine deficiency
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| when your'e not pumping enough iodine, this is known as: | goiter
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| PTH is released in response to: | low blood calcicum
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| the parathyroid gland secretes: | calcitonin & parathyroid gland
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| which gland regulates calcium? | parathyroid gland
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| the paraythyroid gland stimulates: | the kidney - helps absorb calcium
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| PTH has a __ stimuli | humoral
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| where is the parathyroid gland found? | on the side of the thyroid
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| the adrenal glands sits on: | the superior side of the kidney
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| the adrenal glands are composed of the ___ and ___ | medulla - cortex
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| the medulla is the ___ portion | central (inside)
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| the cortex ___ portion | overlays the top (outside)
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| the cortex produces 3 groups of steroid hormones are: | mineral corticoids, gonaadcorticoids & glucocorticoids
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| __ helps the body deal with stress | cortisol
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| the adrenal medulla produces : | epinephrine & norepiniphrine
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| the catecholamines are derived from: | dopamine
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| glucocorticoids are stored & released from the__ | adrenal cortex
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| the glucocorticoids consists of is a response to: | stress
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| cortisol release is stimulated by: | ACTH
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| short term stress (known as acute stress) is caused by: | classic adrenal rush
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| with acute stress, the ___ nervous system is activated | sympathetic
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| when kidneys retain water & sodium...this is tied to ___ stress | prolonged
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| in prolonged stress the immune system gets __ | suppressed
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| mineralcorticoids regulates: | sodium ion reabsorption & potassium ion excretion by the kidneys
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| gonadocaticoids are ___ that is produced in __ amounts | androgens - small
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| what 2 cells do the pancreas secrete? | beta cells & alpha cells
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| beta cells secretes: | insulin
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| alpha cells secretes: | glucagon
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| the pancreas can be ___ or ___ | endocrine - exocrine
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| when glucose increases. what happens? | insulin is released -> stimulates glucose ->glucose falls to lower level
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| when glucose drops, it stimulates ___ breakdown then ___ | glycogen - > alpha cells release glucagon ->liver is stimulated to release glucose to blood
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| adipose tissue releases: | leptin
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| gastrointestinal tract | gastrin, ghrelin
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| the heart releases: | atrial natriuretic peptide (food balance)
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| the skeleton releases: | osteocalcin
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| kidneys release what hormone? | erythropoietin
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| what does EPO do? | stimulate RBC production
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| the skin releases what hormone? | cholecalciferol
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| what are islets of langerhans? | clusters of endocrine cells that secrete the pancreas hormones
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| glucagon affects the __ | liver
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| when glucose is low, ___ is released | glucagon
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| ___ is released when glucose is high | insulin
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| __ increases glycogen synthesis | insulin
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| glucagon & insulin has what type of effect? | an antagonist
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| ___ increases blood sugar | glucagon
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| insulin ___ blood sugar |
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