The Central Nervous System
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| the CNS consists of: | brain & spinal cord
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| what are the 4 principal parts of the brain? | cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem & diencephalon
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| what system integrates sensory information? | CNS
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| the CNS coordinates: | conscious & unconscious activity
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| what part of the brain coordinates voluntary movement such as balance, coordination, speech & posture? | cerebellum
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| the ___ receives information from sensory systems | cerebellum
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| what part of the brain regulates motor movement? | cerebellum
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| the cerebellum is located in what ventricle? | 4th
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| the brain stem consists of: | midbrain, medulla & pons
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| the brainstem regulates: | cardiac and respiratory function, consciousness & sleep cycle
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| the medulla oblongata joins the spinal cord at ___ | foreamen magnum
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| the midbrain surrounds the __ | cerebral aqueduct
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| the corpora quadrigemina consists of: | superior colliculi and inferior colliculi
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| superior colliculi | visual reflex centers
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| inferior colliculi | auditory relay centers
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| the medulla oblongata controls: | heart rate, blood pressure & respiratory rhythm
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| vomitting, coughing, sneezing and hiccups are regulated by the: | medulla oblongata
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| the diencephalon includes what 3 structures? | thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus
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| the diencephalon is located in the __ ventricle | 3rd
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| thalamus | acts as a router & sends sensory info to cerebral cortex
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| key role in mediating sensation, motor activities and learning & memory | thalamus
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| hypothalamus functions in: | regulates body temperature, food intake, water & thirst
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| suprachiasaitic nucleus | biological clock for sleep cycle
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| the space between the pia mater and arachnoid is called the: | subarachoid
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| epithalamus includes the: | pineal gland - which secretes melatonin
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| what is the largest region of the brain and performs the highest functions? | cerebellum
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| the cerebrum is made up of | white matter & cerebral cortex
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| awareness, understanding and memory storage take places here | cerebrum
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| the blood brain barrier allows: | water, respiratory gases, nutrients & fat molecules to enter neural tissue
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| the blood brain barrier is composed of: | capillaries and astrocytes
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| __ blocks water-soluble and other harmful substances | blood brain barrier
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| brain preference for energy? | glucose
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| the ___ plays a major role in thinking,language and emotion | cerebellum
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| white matter is a ___ sheath | myelinated
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| memory is the ___ and ___ of information | storage & retrieval
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| the ability to learn & consciously remember information is what type of memory? | declarative memory
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| procedural memory | learning of motor skills performed w/o conscious thought
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| broca's area | produce and processlanguage
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| the ability to understand speech but not produce words | broca's euphasia
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| all neurons are in cortex are called: | interneurons
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| the cerebral cortex contains 3 types of function areas. what are they? | sensory areas, motor areas, and association areas
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| sensory areas are concerned with: | conscious awareness of sensation in cortex
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| the sensory areas are located in what lobes? | parietal, insula, temporal and occipital
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| motor areas controls: | voluntary movement
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| the motor areas include: | primary motor cortex, premotor cortex, broca's area and frontal eye field
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| primary motor cortex | conscious control of voluntary movement
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| premotor cortex controls: | learned motor skills
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| frontal eye field controls: | voluntary eye movement
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| the ___ area stores information as memory | association
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| what area exchanges and integrates information? | association
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| this type of area helps you tie the old information with the new information. | association
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| what is the cerebrum white matter responsible for? | communication btw the hemispheres
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| what are the 3 regions of the cerebrum? | cerebral cortex, white matter and basal nuclei
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| the basal nuclei is composed of __ matter | gray
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| the basal nuclei functions in : | motor control, regulating attention and cognition
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| what is cerebrospinal fluid? | watery cushion fluid that protects & nourishes brain -also carries chemical signals
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| the cerebrospinal fluid travels through what structure? | cerebral aqueduct
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| what 4 things protect the brain? | skull, meninges, CSF and blood brain barrier
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| the meninges, contains cerebrospinal fluid which ___ | cover and protects the CNS
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| what are the 3 layers of the meninges? | dura mater, pia mater and arachnoid mater
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| epilespsy | seizure disorders
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| cerebrospinal fluid flow disorder causing too much fluid in ventricles is called: | hydrocephalus
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| concussion | temporary damage to brain
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| contusion | permanent damage to brain
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| subarachroid hemorrhage | bleeding under brain
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| cerebral edema | swelling under brain
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| most outer layer meninge | dura mater
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| middle layer meninge | pia mater
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| the spiderlike layer memninge | arachnoid mater
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| the left hemisphere: | controls language, math & logic
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| the right hemisphere: | intuition, creative side
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| responsible for communication btw hemispheres and cerebral cortex. | white matter
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| the spinal cord contains: | bone, meninges and CSF
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| the spinal cord begins at the | foreamen magnum
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| the spinal cord provides: | 2-way communication to and from the brain
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| the dorsal horns: | receives the information
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| the frontal lobe and parietal lobe are separated by the ___ | central sulcus
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| the 2 hemispheres are separated by which fissure? | longitudinal fissure
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| what is a tract? | a bundle of nerve fibers
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| the vestibulospinal tracts maintain: | posture
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| the spinothalamic tract involves: | pain, temperature, touch & pressure
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| brains are neuroplastic meaning we can: | train our brains
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| pyramidal cell bodies are found where? | the cerebral cortex
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| the visual association area helps us put things together. where is it located? | surrounds primary visual cortex
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| primary visual cortex | visual info from retinas - found in occipital lobe
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| what does the primary auditory association area do and where is it located? | interprets info from ear to ear - temporal lobe
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| the auditory association area: | discerns & interprets sounds
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| the occipital lobe processes: | visual cues
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| the parietal lobe is in control of: | sensation, pain, touch & pressure
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| the brain stem connects the: | cerebrum, cerebellum and spinal cord
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| the brain stem connects __ of the cranial nerves | 10
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| there are no postganglionic neurons in the ___ | adrenal medulla
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| the thalamus does not include smell and __ | propriceptors
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| the cerebrospinal fluid circulates around: | subarachnoid mater & ventricles
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| the sensory information goes to the __ side, then the dorsal root | posterior
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| motor information goes to the __ then the dorsal root | anterior
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| the adrenal medulla consists of: | epinephrine & norephirine
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| ANS motor is located in the __ horn | lateral
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| somatic nervous system motor is located in the __ horn | anterior
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| sensation | awareness
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| perception | processing that awareness
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| groups of cell bodies in the CNS are called: | nuclei
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| the cerebrum acts as the: | integration center/ sensory perception
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| the brainstem provides innervation to the head & neck by our: | cranial nerves
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| frontal lobe is responsible for: | planning , motivation, emotion, social judgemente
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| temporal lobe is responsible for: | hearing, memory, language
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| which lobe is for vision? | occipital lobe
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| Broca's area is found in which lobe and what side of the brain? | frontal - left
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| the basal nucleu help control: | movements
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| the brain is protected by: | meninges, bone, cerebrospinal fluid & blood-brain barrier
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| the brainstem functions in: | controlling behaviors necessary for survival
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| the __ makes up 80% of the brain | cerebral cortex
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