Module 8 A&P
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Endocrine Glands | Ductless; secret hormones directly into the bloodstream
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| Endocrine Glands | Respond slowly; exerts long-lasting effects
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| Endocrine Glands | Adapts slowly to continual stimulation
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| Exocrine Glands | Have ducts that secrete out of body
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| Steroid Hormone | pass easily through a cells membrane; bind to receptors in the nucleous
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| Second messenger system | A Cascades of processes that influence a cells response to a hormone
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| Pituitary Gland | influences more body processes than any other endocrine gland
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| Anterior Pituitary Gland | is larger than the posterior and consist of glandular tissue
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| Anterior Pituitary Gland | Synthesizes and secretes hormones under the direction of hypothalamus
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| hormones of the anterior pituitary | stimulates other endocrine cells to release their hormones
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| Thyroid-stimulating hormone; or thyrotropin | Stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone
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| prolactin | stimulates milk production in the mammary glands in females
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| Adrenocorticotropic hormone | stimulates the adrenal cortex to secret corticosteroids
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| Follicle stimulating hormone | stimulates the production of eggs and ovaries of females
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| Luteinizing hormone | stimulates ovulation in females
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| Growth Hormone; or somatotropin | acts of entire body to promote protein synthesis,lipid, and carb metabolism, and bone and skeletal muscle growth
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| Posterior pituitary gland | Stores the hormones antidurectic hormone and oxytocin which are synthesized by hypothalamus
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| oxytocin | stimulates contraction of the uterus during childbirth and triggers the release of milk from the breast during lactation
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| ADH (or Vasopressin) | acts on the kidneys to reduce urine volume and prevent dehydration
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| Negative Feedback |
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| Pineal gland | produces melantonin, hormone that controls sleep/wake cycle
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| thymus | is a member of the endocrine and immune systems
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| thyroid hormone | secreted by T3, T4, and calcitonin
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| thyroid hormone | Exposure to cold stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone, which increasing metabolic rate and heat production
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| Parafollicular cells | Secrete calcitonin in response to increasing blood calcium levels
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| Parathyroid hormone | exerts influences on bone, kidneys, and intestines
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| Parathyroid hormone- Bone | Inhibits new bone formation and stimulates the breakdown of old bone
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| Parathyroid hormone- Kidney | Reabsorb calcium, Activate vitamin D
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| Parathyroid hormone- intestines | Vitamin D is important for intestinal absorption of calcium
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| Zona Fasciculata | Secretes glucocorticoids; most active during stress
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| Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) | Acts on kidneys to promote Na retention and K excretion; also cause water retention
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| Glucocorticoids ( Cortisol) | -aid in repair of damage tissue,- have anti-inflammatory effect,- aid in maintaining blood pressure,- suppress the immune system secret over long term
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| Sex steriods: | Sex Steriods
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| Pancreas | Sits behind the stomach, contains both endocrine and exocrine ; mostly exocrine, secrets digestive enzymes into small intestines
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| pancreas | Islets contain several different types of cells.... main ones are alpha,beta, and delta
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| Alpha cells | secretes the hormone glucogon between meals, when blood glucose levels decline
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| Beta cells | Secrete the hormone insulin, stimulates cells to take up more glucose
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| Glucagon | stimulates liver cells to convert glycogen into glucose when blood sugar falls
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| Catecholamines | Boost glucose levels by breaking down glycogen
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| Glucocorticoids | convert fat and protein to glucose
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| insulin triggers two reactions | stimulates cells to take up more glucose and and liver takes glucose and stores as glycogen
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| Type 2 diabetes | a loss of insulin receptors on target cells leading to insulin resistance
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| Type 1 diabetes | deficiency of insulin resulting from destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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