A&P 2
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| tough, white outer covering that surrounds the eyball | sclera
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| colored portion of the eye | iris
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| center of the iris that control the amount of light entering the eye | pupil
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| thin transparent tissue that covers the outer surface of the eye | conjunctiva
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| located at the upper outer edge of each eye and produces tears | lacrimal gland
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| inner corner of the eye that contains the lacrimal duct | inner canthus
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| transparent, nonvascular layer covering the colored portion of the eye | cornea
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| layer just beneath the sclera that contains extensive capillaries that provide blood supply to the eye | choroid
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| colorless biconcave that aids in focusing images clearly | lens
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| secretes aqueous humor and contains muscles for adjusting the lens to view near objects | ciliary body
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| attach the lens and hold it in place, allows for proper focusing of the eye | suspensory ligaments
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| third innermost layer of the eye that changes the energy of light rays into nerve impulses | retina
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| responsible to visualizing colors, central vision, and vision in bright light | cones
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| responsible for vision in dim light and peripheral vision | rods
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| transmits impulses from the retina to the brain | optic nerve
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| known as the blind spot of the eye because it contains no rods or cones | optic disc
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| anterior chamber is filled with a fluid known as | aqueous humor
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| posterior chamber is filled with a jelly like substance known as | vitreous humor
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| inability to perceive visual colors sharply | monochromatitism
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| lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, altering the perception of images, usually begins after the age of 50 | cataracts
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| inflammation of the ucous membrane lining of the eye, also known as pink eye | conjunctivitis
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| disruption of the corneal surface commonly caused by a foreign body | corneal abrasion
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| occurs as a result of long term or poorly controlled diabetes causing scarring of the retina | diabetic retinopathy
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| increased intraoccular pressure causing damage to the optic nerve | glaucoma
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| bacterial infection of an eyelash follicle or sebaceous gland also known as a stye | hordeolum
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| better clarity of distant objects, farsightedness | hyperopia
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| better clarity of close objects, nearsightedness | myopia
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| inadequate vision at night | nyctalopia(night blindness)
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| occurs over the age of forty, when the lens cannot focus due to loss of elasticity resulting in farsightedness | presbyopia
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| failure of the eyes to gaze in the same direction due to weakness of the muscles | strabismus
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| instrument used to examine the external and internal structures of the eye | ophthamascope
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| test that determines intraocular pressure | tonometry
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| the visual part of the ear that includes the auricle, external auditory canal and ends at the tympanic membrane | external ear
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| this portion of the ear contains the auditory ossicles, the eustacian tube and oval wondow | middle ear
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| the three auditory ossicles (tiny bones) are | malleus; incus and stapes
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| transmits sound from the tympanic membrane to the second auditory ossicle; shaped like a hammer | malleus
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| transmits sounds from the malleus to the third auditory ossicle; shaped like an anvil | incus
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| transmits sound from the incus to the inner ear; shaped like a stirrup | stapes
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| bony structures of the inner ear | vestibule; cochlear;semicircular canal
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| membranous structure of the inner ear | utricle;saccule; cochlear duct; membranes of the semicircular canal
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| these membranous pouches aid in maintaining balance | utricle and saccule
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| the true organ of hearing housed in the cochlea | organ of Corti
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| pathway of sound vibrations | pinna;external auditory canal;tympanic membrane;malleus;incus;stapes;oval window;cochlea;organ of corti;auditory nerve fibers;cerebral cortex
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| surgical incision into the tympanic membrane | myringotomy
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| surgical repair of the eardrum with a tissue graft | myringoplasty
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| inflammation of the middle ear | otitis media
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| inflammation of the outer ear | otitis external (swimmers ear)
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| ringing in the ear | tinnitus
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| excessive earwax in the external ear canal | impacted cerumen
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| inflammation of the mastoid process | mastoidititis
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| perforation of the tympanic membrane | rupture of the eardrum
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| process of measuring how well one hears at various frequencies | audiometry
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| instrument used to examine the ear | otoscope
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| examine using a tuning fork that compares bone conduction and air conduction | Rinne test
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| examine using a tuning fork to detect whether a hearing loss is conductive loss or sensory loss | Weber test
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| devices that amplify sound to provide more precise perception | hearing aid
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| surgical insertion of small tubes to aid with drainage of fluid | myringotomy with tubes
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| exophthalmia | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball; as seen in Graves disease
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| hyphema | bleed into the anterior chamber of the eye
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| light rays enter the eye and are transmitted through: cornea; aqueous humor; pupil; lens and the vitreous humor to the retina | the process of vision
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| the retina transmits images to the | optic nerve
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| abnormal curvature of the cornea resulting in blurry vision | astigmatism
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| involuntary movements of the eye usually resulting from a neuological issue | nystagmus
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| LASIK stands for | laser in situ keratomileusis
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| procedure done to correct error of refraction | lasik
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| surgical procedure done to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma | trabeculectomy
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| used to assist with visualizing a corneal abrasion | fluorescein staining
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| removal of ear cartilage to allow the ears to sit closer to the head, considered a cosmetic procedure | otoplasty
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| chronic inner ear disease due to an over accumulation of endolymph | Menieres disease
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| signs and symptoms of Menieres disease | vertigo, hearing loss, feeling of pressure or fullness inaffected ear, tinnitus
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| infection or inflammation or the labyrinth or inner ear | Labyrinthitis
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| signs and symptoms of labyrinthitis | vertigo, altered equilibrium, nystagmus and occasional neurosensory hearing loss
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