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ch 14 special senses
A&P 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| tough, white outer covering that surrounds the eyball | sclera |
| colored portion of the eye | iris |
| center of the iris that control the amount of light entering the eye | pupil |
| thin transparent tissue that covers the outer surface of the eye | conjunctiva |
| located at the upper outer edge of each eye and produces tears | lacrimal gland |
| inner corner of the eye that contains the lacrimal duct | inner canthus |
| transparent, nonvascular layer covering the colored portion of the eye | cornea |
| layer just beneath the sclera that contains extensive capillaries that provide blood supply to the eye | choroid |
| colorless biconcave that aids in focusing images clearly | lens |
| secretes aqueous humor and contains muscles for adjusting the lens to view near objects | ciliary body |
| attach the lens and hold it in place, allows for proper focusing of the eye | suspensory ligaments |
| third innermost layer of the eye that changes the energy of light rays into nerve impulses | retina |
| responsible to visualizing colors, central vision, and vision in bright light | cones |
| responsible for vision in dim light and peripheral vision | rods |
| transmits impulses from the retina to the brain | optic nerve |
| known as the blind spot of the eye because it contains no rods or cones | optic disc |
| anterior chamber is filled with a fluid known as | aqueous humor |
| posterior chamber is filled with a jelly like substance known as | vitreous humor |
| inability to perceive visual colors sharply | monochromatitism |
| lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, altering the perception of images, usually begins after the age of 50 | cataracts |
| inflammation of the ucous membrane lining of the eye, also known as pink eye | conjunctivitis |
| disruption of the corneal surface commonly caused by a foreign body | corneal abrasion |
| occurs as a result of long term or poorly controlled diabetes causing scarring of the retina | diabetic retinopathy |
| increased intraoccular pressure causing damage to the optic nerve | glaucoma |
| bacterial infection of an eyelash follicle or sebaceous gland also known as a stye | hordeolum |
| better clarity of distant objects, farsightedness | hyperopia |
| better clarity of close objects, nearsightedness | myopia |
| inadequate vision at night | nyctalopia(night blindness) |
| occurs over the age of forty, when the lens cannot focus due to loss of elasticity resulting in farsightedness | presbyopia |
| failure of the eyes to gaze in the same direction due to weakness of the muscles | strabismus |
| instrument used to examine the external and internal structures of the eye | ophthamascope |
| test that determines intraocular pressure | tonometry |
| the visual part of the ear that includes the auricle, external auditory canal and ends at the tympanic membrane | external ear |
| this portion of the ear contains the auditory ossicles, the eustacian tube and oval wondow | middle ear |
| the three auditory ossicles (tiny bones) are | malleus; incus and stapes |
| transmits sound from the tympanic membrane to the second auditory ossicle; shaped like a hammer | malleus |
| transmits sounds from the malleus to the third auditory ossicle; shaped like an anvil | incus |
| transmits sound from the incus to the inner ear; shaped like a stirrup | stapes |
| bony structures of the inner ear | vestibule; cochlear;semicircular canal |
| membranous structure of the inner ear | utricle;saccule; cochlear duct; membranes of the semicircular canal |
| these membranous pouches aid in maintaining balance | utricle and saccule |
| the true organ of hearing housed in the cochlea | organ of Corti |
| pathway of sound vibrations | pinna;external auditory canal;tympanic membrane;malleus;incus;stapes;oval window;cochlea;organ of corti;auditory nerve fibers;cerebral cortex |
| surgical incision into the tympanic membrane | myringotomy |
| surgical repair of the eardrum with a tissue graft | myringoplasty |
| inflammation of the middle ear | otitis media |
| inflammation of the outer ear | otitis external (swimmers ear) |
| ringing in the ear | tinnitus |
| excessive earwax in the external ear canal | impacted cerumen |
| inflammation of the mastoid process | mastoidititis |
| perforation of the tympanic membrane | rupture of the eardrum |
| process of measuring how well one hears at various frequencies | audiometry |
| instrument used to examine the ear | otoscope |
| examine using a tuning fork that compares bone conduction and air conduction | Rinne test |
| examine using a tuning fork to detect whether a hearing loss is conductive loss or sensory loss | Weber test |
| devices that amplify sound to provide more precise perception | hearing aid |
| surgical insertion of small tubes to aid with drainage of fluid | myringotomy with tubes |
| exophthalmia | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball; as seen in Graves disease |
| hyphema | bleed into the anterior chamber of the eye |
| light rays enter the eye and are transmitted through: cornea; aqueous humor; pupil; lens and the vitreous humor to the retina | the process of vision |
| the retina transmits images to the | optic nerve |
| abnormal curvature of the cornea resulting in blurry vision | astigmatism |
| involuntary movements of the eye usually resulting from a neuological issue | nystagmus |
| LASIK stands for | laser in situ keratomileusis |
| procedure done to correct error of refraction | lasik |
| surgical procedure done to relieve intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma | trabeculectomy |
| used to assist with visualizing a corneal abrasion | fluorescein staining |
| removal of ear cartilage to allow the ears to sit closer to the head, considered a cosmetic procedure | otoplasty |
| chronic inner ear disease due to an over accumulation of endolymph | Menieres disease |
| signs and symptoms of Menieres disease | vertigo, hearing loss, feeling of pressure or fullness inaffected ear, tinnitus |
| infection or inflammation or the labyrinth or inner ear | Labyrinthitis |
| signs and symptoms of labyrinthitis | vertigo, altered equilibrium, nystagmus and occasional neurosensory hearing loss |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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