cardiovascular
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| thin double walled sac that encloses the heart | pericardium
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| the outer covering of the pericardium | parietal pericardium
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| inner layer of the pericardium | visceral pericardium; epicardium
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| the space between the parietal and visceral pericardium | pericardial sac
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| the outer layer of the heart | epicardium
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| middle muscular layer of the heart | myocardium
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| the inner layer of the heart | endocardium
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| heart is divided into how many chambers | four
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| two upper chambers are known as | right and left atria
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| two lower chambers are known as | right and left ventricles
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| the wall between the right and left side of the heart | septum
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| deoxygenated blood enters into the | right atrium from the inferior and superior vena cava
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| from the right artrium bloods goes to the | right ventricle
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| from the right ventricle blood goes to the | lungs via the pulmonary arteries
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| blood returns from the lungs into the | left atrium via the pulmonary veins
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| from the left atrium blood goes to the | left ventricle
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| from the left ventricle bloods goes to the | body via the aorta
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| the valve between the right atrium and ventricle | tricuspid valve
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| valve between the left atrium and ventricle | bicuspid valve; mitral
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| valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery | pulmonary valve
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| valve between the left ventricle and aorta | aortic valve
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| arteries that supply the heart muscle | coronary arteries
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| the pacemaker of the heart is known as | sinoatrial node
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| the node at the base of the atrium | atrioventricular node
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| vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart | arteries
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| vessels that carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart | veins
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| between the blood and cells | capillaries
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| heart contracts, exerting the greatest pressure on the walls of the arteries | systole
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| heart relaxes, refilling before next contraction | diastole
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| normal adult heart rate | 60-100bpm
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| heart rate consistently below 60 | bradycardia
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| heart rate consistently above 100 | tachycardia
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| intermittent chest pain caused by insufficient blood supply to the heart | angina pectoris
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| disease of the heart muscle | cardiomyopathy
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| condition that is characterized by back up of fluid in the heart and lungs | congestive heart failure
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| narrowing of the coronary arteries that prevent blood supply to the heart | coronary artery disease
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| inflammation of the membrane lining of the heart chambers | endocarditis
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| drooping of one or both cusps of the mitral valve | mitral valve prolapse
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| heart attack | myocardial infarction
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| inflammation of the myocardium caused by virus or bacteria | myocarditis
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| inflammatory disease that may occur due to untreated strep infection | rheumatic fever
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| hardening of the arteries | arteriosclerosis
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| weakening in the wall of an arteries | aneurysm
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| high blood pressure | hypertension
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| inflammation of a vein associated with the formation of a thrombus | thrombophlebitis
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| enlarged superficial veins that are twisted, dilated with incompetent valves | varicose veins
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| abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and aorta | patent ductus arteriosus
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| congenital anomaly that consists of four defects | tetralogy of fallot
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| this results in ineffective contractions of the ventricles resulting in a patient with no heart beat, no pulse, no circulation | ventricular fibrillation
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| a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is threaded through a major artery to observe the circulation of the heart | cardiac catheterization
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| diagnostic procedure using ultrasound to evaluate the structure of the heart | echocardiogram
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| a graph recording of the electrical action of the heart | electrocardiogram; EKG
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| small portable monitoring device that records an EKG during normal daily activities | holter monitor
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| blood tests that may indicate damage to the myocardium | cardiac enzymes and troponin
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| localized or general condition of swelling due to excess tissue fluid | edema
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| difficulty breathing | dyspnea
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| condition of blueness of the skin | cyanosis
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| enlarged heart | megalocardia
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| inflammation of a vein | phlebitis
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| pounding or racing of the heart | palpitation
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| formation of a blood clot | thrombosis
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| decreased oxygen supply to body part or organ | ischemia
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| enlargement of the liver | hepatomegaly
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| one who specializes in the study of diseases and disorders of the heart | cardiologist
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| cramplike pain in the calves due to poor circulation | claudication
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| nonsurgical procedure in which a ballon is inserted into a blocked artery and is inflated to enlarge the opening | coronary angioplasty
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| surgical procedure that uses bypass graft to reroute the blood around occlusions in the coronary artery | coronary bypass surgery
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| angi/o | vessel
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| arteri/o | artery
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| arteriol/o | arterioles
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| ather/o | fatty
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| blast/o | embryonic stage of development
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| cardi/o | heart
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| coron/o | heart
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| echo- | sound
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| electr/o | electricity
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| -emia | blood condition
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| endo- | within
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| -gram | record or picture
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| -graphy | process of recording
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| hem/o | blood
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| leuk/o | white
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| megal/o | enlarged
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| my/o | muscle
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| -penia | deficiency
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| -stasis | stopping
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| ventricul/o | ventricle
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| cardiologist | doctor who specializes in the study of the heart
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| cusp | any of the small flaps of a heart vavle
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| dysrhymia | abnormal rhythm
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| embolus | clot that dislodged from one vessel and moved to another vessel
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| hemostasis | stopping of blood flow
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| pathway of electrical impulses that travel through the heart | SA node; AV node; Bundle of His;Purkinje Fibers
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| circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart is known as | pulmonary circulation
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| pathway of pulmonary circulation | right atrium to the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries to the lungs and back to the heart
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| circulation of oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body is known as | systemic circulation
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| pathway of systemic circulation | pulmonary veins to the left atrium to the left ventricles to the aorta to the rest of the body
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