Ch. 6 Muscles Cards
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| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility
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| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability
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| The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | Elasticity
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| Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | Epimysium
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| Another connective tissue located outside the epmysium | Fascia
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| A muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi, which are surrounded by? | Perimysium
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| The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called? | Fibers
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| Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | Endomysium
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| The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with? Also it is a threadlike structure | Myofibrils
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| Then myofilaments | Actin myofilaments
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| Thick myofilaments | Myosin myofilaments
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| Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called? | Sacromeres
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| The charge difference across the membrane is called? | Resting membrane potential
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| The brief reversal back of the charge is called? | Action potential
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| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor neurons
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| Each branch that connects to the muscle forms? | Neuromuscular junction or Synapse
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| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called? | Motor unit
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| The enlarged nerve terminal is? | Presynaptic terminal
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| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cells is? | Synaptic cleft
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| The muscle fibers is the? | Postsynaptic terminal
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| Each presynaptic terminal contains what? | Synaptic vesicles
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| Synaptic vesicles secrets a neurotransmitter called? | Actetylcholine
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| The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism
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| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | Muscle Twitch
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| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches level | Threshold
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| At which point the muscle fiber will contract maximally | All-or-none response
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| The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag Phase
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| The time of contraction | Contraction Phase
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| The time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation Phase
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| The muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany
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| The increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment
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| Needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP
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| ATP degenerates to the more stable ___ plus phosphate | ADP
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| High end molecule in the muscle cells that get stored | Creatine phosphate
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| Without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration
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| With oxygen | Aerobic respiration
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| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions | Oxygen debt
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| Results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle fatigue
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| The length of the muscle does not change, but tension does | Isometric
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| The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but length changes | Isotonic
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| Muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | Muscle tone
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| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-twitch fibers
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| Contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | Slow-twitch fibers
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| The most stationary end of the muscle | Origin
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| The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion
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| The portion of the muscle between the origin an the insertion | Belly
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| Muscles work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists
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| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists
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| Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontals
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| Closes the eyelids | Orbicularis oculi
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| Orbicularid oris | Puckers the lips
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| Flattens the cheeks | Buccinator
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| Smiling muscle | Zygomaticus
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| Sneering | Levator labii superioris
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| Frowning | Depressor anguli oris
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| Chewing | Mastication
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| Changes the shape of the tounge | Intrinsic Tounge Muscles
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| Move the Tounge | Extrinsic Tounge Muscles
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| Lateral neck muscle and prime mover | Sternocleidomastoid
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| Group of muscles on each side of the back | Erector spinae
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| Muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic Muscles
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| Elevate the ribs during inspiration | External intercostals
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| Contract during forced expiration | Internal intercostals
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| Accomplishes quiet breathing | Diaphragm
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| This tendinous inscriptions cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations | Tendinous inscription
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| A tendinous area of the abdominal wall | Linea Alba
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| Area of each side of the abdominal wall | Linea Alba
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| Rotates scalula | Trapezius
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| Pulls scalula anterioly | Serratus anterior
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| The arm is attached to the thorax by the? | Pectoralis major and latissimus Doris muscles
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| Adducts and flexed the arms | Pectoralis major
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| Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arms | Latissimus Doris
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| Attaches the humerus to the scalula and clavicle | Deltoid
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| Extends the leg | Quadriceps femoris
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| Posterior thigh muscle | Hamstring
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| Form the calf muscle | Gastrocnemius and soleus
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