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Ch. 6 Muscles Cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | Contractility |
| The capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | Excitability |
| The ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | Elasticity |
| Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | Epimysium |
| Another connective tissue located outside the epmysium | Fascia |
| A muscle is composed of numerous visible bundles called muscle fasciculi, which are surrounded by? | Perimysium |
| The fasciculi are composed of single muscle cells called? | Fibers |
| Each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called? | Endomysium |
| The cytoplasm of each fiber is filled with? Also it is a threadlike structure | Myofibrils |
| Then myofilaments | Actin myofilaments |
| Thick myofilaments | Myosin myofilaments |
| Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called? | Sacromeres |
| The charge difference across the membrane is called? | Resting membrane potential |
| The brief reversal back of the charge is called? | Action potential |
| Nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | Motor neurons |
| Each branch that connects to the muscle forms? | Neuromuscular junction or Synapse |
| A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates are called? | Motor unit |
| The enlarged nerve terminal is? | Presynaptic terminal |
| The space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cells is? | Synaptic cleft |
| The muscle fibers is the? | Postsynaptic terminal |
| Each presynaptic terminal contains what? | Synaptic vesicles |
| Synaptic vesicles secrets a neurotransmitter called? | Actetylcholine |
| The sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction | Sliding filament mechanism |
| A contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus | Muscle Twitch |
| A muscle fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches level | Threshold |
| At which point the muscle fiber will contract maximally | All-or-none response |
| The time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron and the beginning of a contraction | Lag Phase |
| The time of contraction | Contraction Phase |
| The time during which the muscle relaxes | Relaxation Phase |
| The muscle remains contracted without relaxing | Tetany |
| The increase in number of motor units being activated | Recruitment |
| Needed for energy for muscle contraction | ATP |
| ATP degenerates to the more stable ___ plus phosphate | ADP |
| High end molecule in the muscle cells that get stored | Creatine phosphate |
| Without oxygen | Anaerobic respiration |
| With oxygen | Aerobic respiration |
| The amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions | Oxygen debt |
| Results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells | Muscle fatigue |
| The length of the muscle does not change, but tension does | Isometric |
| The amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but length changes | Isotonic |
| Muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time | Muscle tone |
| Contract quickly and fatigue quickly | Fast-twitch fibers |
| Contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue | Slow-twitch fibers |
| The most stationary end of the muscle | Origin |
| The end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement | Insertion |
| The portion of the muscle between the origin an the insertion | Belly |
| Muscles work together to accomplish specific movements | Synergists |
| Muscles that work in opposition to one another | Antagonists |
| Raises the eyebrows | Occipitofrontals |
| Closes the eyelids | Orbicularis oculi |
| Orbicularid oris | Puckers the lips |
| Flattens the cheeks | Buccinator |
| Smiling muscle | Zygomaticus |
| Sneering | Levator labii superioris |
| Frowning | Depressor anguli oris |
| Chewing | Mastication |
| Changes the shape of the tounge | Intrinsic Tounge Muscles |
| Move the Tounge | Extrinsic Tounge Muscles |
| Lateral neck muscle and prime mover | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Group of muscles on each side of the back | Erector spinae |
| Muscles that move the thorax | Thoracic Muscles |
| Elevate the ribs during inspiration | External intercostals |
| Contract during forced expiration | Internal intercostals |
| Accomplishes quiet breathing | Diaphragm |
| This tendinous inscriptions cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations | Tendinous inscription |
| A tendinous area of the abdominal wall | Linea Alba |
| Area of each side of the abdominal wall | Linea Alba |
| Rotates scalula | Trapezius |
| Pulls scalula anterioly | Serratus anterior |
| The arm is attached to the thorax by the? | Pectoralis major and latissimus Doris muscles |
| Adducts and flexed the arms | Pectoralis major |
| Medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arms | Latissimus Doris |
| Attaches the humerus to the scalula and clavicle | Deltoid |
| Extends the leg | Quadriceps femoris |
| Posterior thigh muscle | Hamstring |
| Form the calf muscle | Gastrocnemius and soleus |
Created by:
LeviLucas
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