Female Reproductive System
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| orifice | mouth, entrance, or outlet of any anatomical structure
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| perineum | area between the vaginal orifice and the anus
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| graafian follicles | saclike structures that each contain an ovum. follicle
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| corpus luteum | small yellow mass. transformed from an empty follicle after ovulation. degenerates after the non fertile cycle
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| fimbriae | fingerlike projections that create wavelike currents in fluid surrounding the ovary to move the ovum into the uterine tube
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| fundus | upper rounded part of the uterus
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| body | central part of uterus
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| cervix | neck of the uterus. opens into the vagina
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| Bartholin glands | secrete lubrication into the orifice of the vagina during sexual excitement
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| clitoris | composed of erectile tissue, similar in structure to the penis
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| adipose tissue | enlarges the size of the breasts until they reach maturity
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| lactiferous duct | drains the milk-producing glands
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| menarche | initial menstrual period
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| parturition | birth
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| first stage of dilation | begins with uterine contractions and terminates when there is complete dilation of the cervix (10cm)
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| stage of expulsion | time from complete cervical dilation to birth of the baby
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| placental stage | afterbirth. shortly after childbirth when uterine contractions discharge the placenta from the uterus
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| cilmacteric | the period in which symptoms of approaching menopause occur
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| amni | amniotic sac
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| colpo | vagina
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| galacto | milk
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| metri | uterus
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| masto | breast
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| meno | menstruation
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| metro | uterus/womb
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| nato | birth
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| oophoro | ovary
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| perineo | perineum
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| salpingo | tube (fallopian)
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| -arche | beginning
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| -cyesis | pregnancy
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| -gravida | pregnant woman
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| -para | to bear
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| -salpinx | tube (fallopian)
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| -tocia | childbirth, labor
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| -version | turning
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| ante | before, in front of
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| puerperium | period of adjustment after childbirth during which the reproductive organs of the mother return to their normal non-pregnant state
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| dysmenorrhea | menstrual pain. treated with estrogen
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| metorrhagia | irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual periods/ after menopause
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| endometriosis | presence of functional endometrial tissue in areas outside the uterus
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| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | general term for inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and adjacent pelvic structures. Usually caused by bacterial infection
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| septicemia | bacteria in the blood
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| Vaginitis | localized infections and inflammation that occur from viruses, bacteria or yeast
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| candida albicans/moniliasis | yeast infection
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| mycostatics | antifungal agents
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| trichomoniasis | most common cause of sexually transmitted lower genital tract infections
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| carcinoma of the breast | breast cancer
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| nulliparous | women who have never borne children
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| atresia | congenital absence or closure of a normal body opening such as the vagina
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| choriocarcinoma | malignant neoplasm of the uterus or at the site of an ectopic pregnancy
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| dyspareunia | occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
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| endocervicitis | occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse
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| retroversion | turning of an organ
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| uterine fibroids | benign tumors composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that develop in the uterus
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| abruptio placentae | premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the third stage of labor
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| breech presentation | common abnormality of delivery in which the fetal buttocks or feet present first rather than the head
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| eclampsia | most serious form of toxemia during pregnancy
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| placenta previa | obstetric complication in which the placenta is attached close to or covers the cervical canal that results in bleeding during labor when the cervix dilates
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| cerclage | suturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely during pregnancy thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion
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| colpoclesis | surgical closure of the vaginal canal
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| conization | excision of a cone-shaped piece of tissue, such as mucosa of the cervix, for histological examination
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| cordiocentesis | sampling of fetal blood drawn from the umbilical vein and performed under ultrasound guidance
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| cryosurgery | process of freezing tissue to destroy cells
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| dilation + curettage (D&C) | widening of the cervical canal with a dilator and scraping the uterine endometrium with a currette
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| subtotal hysterectomy | cervix, ovaries and fallopian tubes remain
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| total hysterectomy | cervix is removed but the ovaries and fallopian tubes remain
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| total plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | total hysterectomy including removal of uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes and ovaries
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| lumpectomy | excision of a small primary breast tumor and some of the normal tissue that surround it
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| augmentation | boob job
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| total mastectomy | excision of the entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin
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| modified radical mastectomy | excision of the entire breast, including the lymph nodes in the underarm. most common
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| radical mastectomy | excision of the entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast
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| transverse rectus abdominal muscle (TRAM) flap | surgical creation of a skin flap using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen, which is passed under the skin to the breast area, and then shaping the abdominal tissue into a natural looking breast and suturing it into place
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| insufflation | delivery of pressurized air or gas into a cavity, chamber, or organ to allow visual examination, remove an obstruction or apply medication
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| tubal | test for patency of the uterine tubes made by transuterine insufflation with CO2
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| pelvimetry | measurement of pelvic dimensions to determine whether the head of the fetus will be abl to pass through the bony pelvis to allow delivery
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| chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | sampling of placental tissues for prenatal diagnosis of potential genetic defects
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| endometrial biopsy | removal of a sample of uterine endometrium for microscopic study
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| Papanicolaou (Pap) test | cytological study used to detect abnormal cells sloughed from the cervix and vagina, usually obtained during routine pelvic examination
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| hysterosalpingography (HSG) | radiography and usually fluoroscopy of the uterus and uterine tubes following injection of a contrast medium
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| transvaginal | ultrasound (US) of the pelvic area performed with a probe inserted into the vagina which provides sharper images of pathological and normal structures within the pelvis
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Created by:
Gianna B
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