Circulatory System
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| Leaflet | flat, leaf-shaped structure that comprises the valves of the heart and prevents backflow of blood
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| lumen | space within an artery, vein, intestine or tube
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| 3 layers of an artery | tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica intima
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| tunica externa | outer coat. composed of connective tissue that provides strength and flexibility
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| tunica media | middle layer. smooth muscle. can alter size of lumen
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| tunica intima | thin, inner lining of the lumen of the vessel. endothelial cells. provide smooth surface
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| 3 tissue layers of the heart | endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
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| endocardium | membrane that lines 4 chambers and valves
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| myocardium | muscular layer of heart
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| epicardium | outermost layer
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| pathway of blood | superior/inferior vena cava, right atrium, AV/tricuspid valve, right ventrical, SV valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, left atrium, AV/mitral valve, left ventricle, aorta, body
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| sinoatrial node | pacemaker
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| pathway of heartbeat | sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atria contracts, bundle of His (AV bundle), Purkinje fibers, ventricles
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| P wave | contraction of atria
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| T wave | recovery of ventricles
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| QRS complex | contraction of ventricle
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| systole | contraction
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| diastole | relaxation
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| Blood pressure | S/D
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| aneurysm | widened blood vessel
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| angi | vessel
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| vascul | vessel
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| arther | fatty plaque
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| embol | plug
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| hemangi | blood vessel
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| phleb | vein
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| sphygm | pulse
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| sten | narrowing
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| thromb | blood clot
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| vas | vessel
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| -stenosis | narrowing
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| syncope | loss of conciousness
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| infarct | localized tissue death
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| endarterectomy | removal of plaque
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| ischemia | blockage of circulation that causes localized tissue anemia
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| diaphoresis | profuse sweating
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| two types of angioplasty | percutaneous transluminal coronary engioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
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| endocarditis | inflammation of the inner lining of the heart and its valves
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| varicose veins | enlarged, engorged, twisted and superficial. Valves dont function properly and fail to prevent backflow
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| myxoma | heart tumor. muscous connective tissue usually left atrium
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| fibrillation | abnormally rapid, uncoordinated quivering of myocardium
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| heart block | interference with normal transmission of electric impulses from SA node to Purkinje fibers
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| bruit | heart murmur
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| cardiomyopathy | disease/weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function
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| coarctation | narrowing of a vessel especially the aorta
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| hypertension | high blood pressure
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| hypotension | low blood pressure
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| mitral valve prolapse | mitral valve prolapses into left atrium during ventricular contraction==> backflow of blood
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| thrombosis | blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs blood flow
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| deep vein thrombosis | blood clot develops in deep veins of body (legs and thighs)
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| cardioversion | defibrillation, low energy shocks. synced with large R waves
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| sclerotherapy | injection of chemical irritant into vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein
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| angioplasty | reopening narrowed blood vessels
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| catheter ablation | treatment for cardiac arrythmias
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| commissurotomy | surgical separation of leaflets of mitral valve which have fused together
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| AICD insertion | battery powered device. corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation
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| valvotomy | incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening. used to treat mitral stenosis (narrowing)
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| cardiac catheterization | catheter into heart to evaluate it
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| electrophysiology study | maps heart's conduction system
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| multiple-gated acquisition scan (MUGA) | detects how well heart walls move as they contract and calculates ejection rate
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| nuclear perfusion study | detects presence of CAD
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Created by:
Gianna B
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