Respiratory System
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| mucous membrane | moist tissue layer lining hollow organs and cavities of the body that open to the environment
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| serous membrane | thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist
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| pharynx | throat. muscular tube that serves as a passageway for food and air
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| three sections of pharynx | nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx
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| nasopharynx | posterior to the nose
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| oropharynx | posterior to the mouth
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| laryngopharynx | superior to the larynx
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| adenoids | pharyngeal tonsils. Collection of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx
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| Palatine tonsils | aka tonsils. located in oropharynx. Protect the opening to the respiratory tract from microscopic organisms that may attempt entry by this route.
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| larynx | voice box. contain the structures that make vocal sounds possible.. Short passage that joins the pharynx with the trachea
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| The right lung has ____ lobes | 3
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| The left lung has _____ lobes | 2
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| mediastinum | space between the right lung and the left lung
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| Pleura | serous membrane. Covers the lobes of the lungs and folds over to line the walls of the thoracic cavity.
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| Visceral pleura | membrane the lies closest to the lungs
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| Parietal pleura | membrane that lies closes to the thoracic cavity
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| Pleural cavity | space between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura. Contains lubricating fluid
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| Diaphragm | assists in changing the volume of the thoracic cavity to produce the needed pressure differential for ventilation
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| pulmonary ventilation | breathing. Large involuntary action that moves air into and out of lungs in response to changes in blood O2 and Co2 levels and nervous stimulation of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles
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| external respiration | exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries
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| transport of respiratory gases | occurs when blood, aided by the cardiovascular system transports CO2 to the lungs and O2 to the body cells.
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| internal respiration | exchange of O2 and CO2 between body cells and the blood in systemic capillaries
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| pneumo | air, lung
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| pulmon | lung
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| anthrac | coal, coal dust
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| atel | incomplete, imperfect
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| coni | dust
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| orht | straight
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| phren | diaphragm
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| spir | breathe
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| -capnia | carbon dioxide
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| -osmia | smell
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| -phonia | voice
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| -ptysis | spitting
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| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | includes respiratory disorders that produce a chronic partial obstruction of the air passages
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| Three major disorders of COPD | asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema
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| Asthma | produces spasms in the bronchial passages that may be sudden and violent and lead to dyspnea.
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| status asthmaticus | life threatening. medication doesnt work
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| emphysema | decreased elasticity of alveoli. Able to dilate but cant constrict
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| pleural effusion | abnormal fluid in the cavity
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| transudate | serum with less protein in pleural cavity. Heart failure and liver disorders
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| Exudate | high in protein + blood. Tumor, infection, inflammation
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| pneumothroax | results in collapsed lung
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| pneumonia | inflamed lungs
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| pneumocystis pneumonia | associated with AIDS
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| acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) | lungs dont function well. Alveoli filled with fluid
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| Hyaline membrane disease (HMD) aka | infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS). Preterm infants/diabetic mothers
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| acidosis | excessive acidity of body fluids
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| ansomia | no sense of smell
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| atelectasis | collapsed/airless lung
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| coryz | inflammation of membranes of nose
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| Cheyne Stokes respiration | fluctuation of breath. pattern. Deep then shallow then deep
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| Croup | pediatric. inflammation of larynx, trachea, bronchial passges
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| epistaxis | nosebleed
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| pertussis | whopping cough
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| pleurisy | inflammation of pleural membrane
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| pneumoconiosis | disease caused by inhaling dust
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| pulmonary embolism | blockage in artery of lung
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| rhoncus | abnormal breath sound
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| stridor | high pitched breath sound, spasm of larynx
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| wheeze | narrowing of lumen
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| antral lavage | irrigation/washing of sinuses
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| oximetry | monitors percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen
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| polysomnograph | test of sleep cycle
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| postural drainage | positioning patient so that gravity aids in drainage of lungs
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| pulmonary function tests | variety of tests used to evaluate respiratory function
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| mantoux test | for TB. skin test
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| CTPA | images of pulmonary arteries
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| antitussives | blocks coughing
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Created by:
Gianna B
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