Musculoskeletal review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| What are the five regions of the vertebral column? | cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
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| What are the four different types of bones? | short, irregular, flat, long
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| What are the functions of bones? | provide the framework for body, protect internal organs, store calcium/other minerals, produce blood cells. provide points of attachment
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| What are the functions of muscle? | contribute to posture, produce body heat, protect internal organs, primarily movement
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| What are the three different types of muscle? | skeletal/voluntary/striated. cardiac, smooth/involuntary/visceral
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| What are the three different types of ribs? | True, false, floating
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| What are the three divisions of the pelvis? | ilium, ischium, pubis
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| What does the appendicular skeleton consist of? | bones of the upper/lower limbs, shoulder/pectoral girdle, pelvic/hip girdle
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| 9. What are the three regions of the axial skeleton? | skull, rib cage, vertebral column
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| What does the pectoral girdle consist of? | clavicle, scapula
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| What is a fontanel? | unossified membrane lying between the cranial bones
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| What is an orthopedist? | physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders
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| What is muscular dystrophy? | genetic disorder, gradual atrophy and weakening of muscle tissue
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| What is myasthenia gravis? | neuromuscular disorder, muscle weakness leads to loss of function
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| What is rheumatoid arthritis? | systemic disease, results in crippling deformities
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| dense fibrous membrane that covers the surface of bone | periosteum
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| strap composed of connective tissue that joins muscle to bone | tendon
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| abnormal inward curvature of the spine | lordosis
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| abnormal lateral curvature of the spine | scoliosis
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| an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic vertebrae | kyphosis
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| any body part attached to a main structure | appendage
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| any deformity of the foot; also called club foot | talipes
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| Band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone | ligament
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| bone pores or cavities resulting from a decrease in bone density | osteoporosis
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| Breast bone | sternum
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| Decreases the angle of a joint | flexion
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| Dry grating sound caused by bones rubbing together | crepitation
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| Elevates the foot | dorsiflexion
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| Excision of the posterior arch of a vertebra | laminectomy
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| Foot treatment | podiatry
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| Freely movable joints | diarthrosis
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| Immovable joints | synarthrosis
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| Increase in severity of a disease | exacerbation
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| Increases the angle of a joint | extension
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| Lameness, limping | claudication
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| Ligaments that form an X | cruciate ligament
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| Loss of muscular tone | hypotonia
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| Lowers the foot | plantar flexion
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| Measures bone density | BMD (bone mineral density)
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| Moves away from the midline | abduction
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| Moves closer to the midline | adduction
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| Moves the sole of the foot inward | inversion
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| Moves the sole of the foot outward | eversion
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| Muscular trauma caused by violent contraction or an excessive forcible stretch | strain
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| partial or incomplete dislocation | subluxation
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| procedure that restores bone to its normal position | reduction
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| Production and development of blood cells | hematopoiesis
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| Puncture of a joint space | arthrocentesis
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| Radiography of the spinal cord | myelography
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| Reduction procedure that treats bone fractures using surgery | open reduction
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| Reduction procedure that uses manipulation | closed reduction
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| Refers to all contractile tissue of the body | muscular tissue
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| Slightly movable joints | amphiarthrosis
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| Stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the neck muscle | torticollis
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| Stiffening and immobility of a joint | ankylosis
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| Tearing of ligament tissue | sprain
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| The lateral flaring portion of the hip bone | ilium
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| The lower part of the hip bone | ischium
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| The muscle that produces the movement | agonist
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| The muscle that relaxes in order to allow a movement | antagonist
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| The place at which two bones meet | joint/articulation
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| The third portion of the hipbone | pubis
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| Treat and prevent hypocalcemia | calcium supplements
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| Turns the palm down | pronation
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| Turns the palm up | supination
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| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament
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| CDH | congenital dislocation of the hip
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| CT | computed tomography
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| DJD | degenerative joint disease
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| EMG | electromyography
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| Fx | fracture
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| IM | intramuscular
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| IV | intravenous
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| MS | musculoskeletal, multiple sclerosis
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| NSAIDs | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
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| THA | total hip arthroplasty
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| THR | total hip replacement
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